4th Class

*     Introduction   A conjunction is a word that is used to join two parts of sentences. A conjunction is called a joining word also.     example.jpg  
  •   Marry and Richards are friends.
  •   This copy and that book are same.
  •   The elephant is big but the mouse is small.
  •   Rosy cannot sit because the chair is dirty.  
  *       Analysis In the first sentence the word and is joining Marry and Richards. In the second sentence the word and is joining this copy and that book. The third sentence the word but is joining two sentences the elephant is big and the mouse is small. In the fourth sentence the word because is joining two sentences Rosy cannot sit and the chair is dirty. In more...

*   Practice Exercise   Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions. 1.   Cloth is sold ............... meter. 2. He sent me basket............... mangoes. 3. What is the time ............... your watch. 4.  The fruit is ............... the box. 5.  He reached the station ............... bus. 6.   The box fell............... the table. 7. The child was playing ............... her mother. 8.  I bought the radio............... two hundred rupees. 9.  I shall come back ............... 7 o'clock. 10. The train is ............... time. 11. ............... a novel he reads the Gita. 12. The sky is ............... our heads. 13. I have been knowing him ............... 1975. 14. The tiger sprang ............... the deer. 15. Light comes............... the sun.     Answer: (1) By, (2) Of, (3) By, (4) In, (5) By, (6) Off, (7) Beside, (8) For, (9) By, (10) Before (In, On), (11) instead of, (12) more...

*    Use of At, On and In   At is used to designate specific times and place.     example.jpg  
  •  The train is arriving at 12:15 p.m,
  •  I live at Greater Kailash. On is used to designate days and dates.
  •  The annual day celebration will take place on Sunday.
  •  He has left on a Monday. In is used for nonspecific times during a day, a month, a season, or a year and place.
  •  He lives in New York.
  •  People wear cotton clothes in summer.  
  *        Below given is a list where In, At and On are used:   more...
*    Introduction   A preposition is a word which comes before a noun or a pronoun and shows its relation to other words in the sentence.     example.jpg  
  •   The distance between Delhi and Patna is 1000 kilometers.
  •   The coaches are always with their team.
  •   He is living at a place which is unknown to others.
  •   The national anthem of India has been composed by a famous author.
  •   They are looking for a job which could satisfy their needs and expectations.  
  *     Analysis In the above given sentences the words between, with, at, by and for, have been placed before a noun or a pronoun and are showing their relation to other words (nouns) in the sentences. These words are prepositions.     more...

*     Kind of Verbs   There are two kinds of verb. These are:
  •   Helping Verb
  •   Main Verb  
  *      Helping Verbs The verb which helps the main verb in changing its form is called helping verbs. Helping verbs are said to be primary verbs. These are formed from the verbs 'to be', have and do.       example.jpg  
  •  The horses are running.
  •  The sun has risen in the sky.
  •  The boat is sailing in the river.      
  •  The bird will fly in the air.        
  *     Analysis In the above given sentences the words are, has, is and will are helping the verbs run, rise, sail and fly to change its form. These words more...

*    Introduction   A verb is a word which shows an action, state of being or possession of a noun or pronoun. Or The word which says something about a noun or a pronoun is called a verb. All saying words are verbs.     example.jpg  
  •  The farmer ploughs the field.
  •  The boy writes a letter.
  •  A leopard moves fast and can overtake a man easily.
  •  The dog is dead.
  •  The window was open.
  •  Mary is sad.
  •  The horse has four legs.
  •  My brother has a car.  
  *      Analysis   In sentence 1, 2 and 3 the words ploughs, writes and moves say something about the farmer, the boy and leopard. These words show an action. In sentences 4, 5 and 6 the words is, was more...

*      Practice Exercise   Fill in the blanks with appropriate Pronouns for Nouns.       There is a garden in my house. __________ is full of Rose.   Answer: It (Personal Pronoun)         William lives in the village. _________ works from morning to evening.   Answer: He (Personal Pronoun)         The girls saw the boys making a noise. __________ told them not to do so.   Answer: She (Personal Pronoun)         Steve went to Smith's house. ____ was sleeping at that time.   Answer: He (Personal Pronoun)       Question.jpg       Look at this goat. They are grazing in the more...

*    Types of Pronoun   There are eight types of pronoun. They are:
  •   Personal Pronoun
  •   Demonstrative Pronoun
  •   Interrogative Pronoun
  •   Reflexive Pronoun
  •   Possessive Pronoun
  •   Distributive Pronoun
  •   Indefinite Pronoun
  •   Emphatic or Emphasizing Pronoun  
  *       Personal Pronoun The pronouns that are used in place of a person, place or a thing is called personal pronoun.     example.jpg  
  •   He wants to teach the children.
  •   She smiles in every situation.
  •   They are outstanding in their role.
  •   You are indulged into malpractices.
  •   I am surprised to see you here right now.  
  *      Analysis In the above given sentences, the words he, she, they, you and I are used for more...

*     Introduction   Pronoun is a word which is used in the place of a noun. Pronouns are used to avoid the repetition of nouns in a sentence.     example.jpg  
  •   Robert shows his happiness in terms of tears. He has got a reward.
  •   My brother is really a smart worker.' He is doing work smartly.
  •   The poster is hanging on the wall. It is beautiful.
  •   Look at the colourful parrots. They are flying in the sky.  
  *     Analysis In the above given sentences the words he, it and they have been used in place of Robert, my brother, poster and parrot. So, these are Pronouns.  

*     Kinds of Noun   There are five kinds of noun. These are:
  •   Proper Noun
  •   Common Noun
  •   Collective Noun
  •   Material Noun
  •   Abstract Noun    
  *      Proper Noun Proper noun is the name of a particular person, animal, place or thing.     example.jpg  
  •   Barrack Obama is the present President of America.
  •   Alto is one of the most fuel efficient car.
  •   China has been making rapid progress.
  •   The holy book for Christians is the Bible.  
  *     Analysis In the sentences given above Barrack Obama is the name of a particular person, Alto is the name of a car, China is the name of a country and the Bible is more...


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