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4th Class

Factor and Multiples

Factor and Multiples   Synopsis  
  • When two or more numbers are multiplied, a product is obtained. Each number is called a factor of the product. The product is called
                                 
  • Multiples of a multiple of each of the numbers.
e.g., \[\text{5 }\times \text{ 7 }\times \text{ 9}=\text{315}\] 5, 7 and 9 are factors of 315 and 315 is a multiple of each of 5, 7 and 9.
  • The multiples which appear in both the lists of multiples of the given numbers are called their common multiples.
  e.g.., Multiples of more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Fractions

Fractions     Synopsis   Fraction:  
  • A fraction represents a part of a whole.
  • In a fraction, two numerals are written one below the other separated by a line. The written above the line is called the numerator and the numeral below the line is denominator.
  e.g.,      
  • In a fraction, the denominator tells us how many equal parts the whole has been divided into and the numerator tells us how many parts of the whole are being considered.
more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Number Sense and Numeration

 Number Sense and Numeration   Numbers Numbers are mathematical objects by which we express date, time, position, quantity etc.   Writing and Reading Numbers Numbers are written using symbols or digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) called numerals. For example, 3564 is a numeral in which four digits (3, 5, 6 and 4) are used. In this section, we will study two types of numeration.              (i)     Indian system of numeration.             (ii)    International system of numeration.   Indian System of Numeration This method of numeration is based on the place value chart. This system is also known as Hindu - Arabic system. Given below is the Indian place value chart
Period Kharab more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Roman Numerals

 Roman Numerals   Introduction The numerals we use is commonly known as Indo-Arabic Numerals. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ______ etc., are example of indo -Arabic numerals in ancient time Romans developed a system of numerations (numbering) which is known as Roman Numerals. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, _______ etc. are example of Roman Numerals.   Roman numerals are formed by using the following symbols: more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Operation on Numbers: Addition and Subtraction

 Operation on Numbers: Addition and Subtraction   Introduction In our daily life, we come across many activities when we need to apply the method of addition and subtraction. We are aware of numbers and number system. Now we will discuss two simple algebraic operations, that is, addition and subtraction.   Addition Addition is one of the very common arithmetic operation used in mathematics. Addition is the operation to know the total quantity, when two or more than two quantities are taken together.  
  •           Example
Add 545641323 and 565655656. Solution: Arrange the more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Operation on Numbers - Multiplication and Division

 Operation on Numbers - Multiplication and Division   Introduction In this chapter we will study two important arithmetic operations "multiplication and division". Multiplication is repeated addition of a specific quantity, whereas division is a distribution of a quantity into some equal parts. Let us study them.   Multiplication When a quantity is added to itself for a number of times, we use operation of multiplication to find the resulting quantity,  
  •           Example
Find correct option for \[\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}+\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}+\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}+\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}+\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}+\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}+\mathbf{7}.\mathbf{5}\text{ }\mathbf{kg}.\] (a) \[7\times 7.5\text{ }kg\]                                                          (b) \[9\times 7.5\text{ }kg\] (c) \[11\times 7.5\text{ }kg\]                                                         (d) more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Fractions and Decimals

 Fractions and Decimals   Fraction Fraction is used to indicate a part of a whole. Fraction is written, for example, as\[\frac{a}{b}\]. The top number in a fraction is called numerator and the bottom number is called denominator of the fraction. Hence in the given example 'a' is numerator and 'b' is denominator. Look at the shaded part in the following figures which has been represented by fractions:  
  •             Example
Tom cuts an apple into 5 equal parts. He eats one part. Give the part of the apple eaten by Tom in fraction. Solution: Tom more...
Catgeory: 4th Class

Unitary Method

 Unitary Method   Unitary Method Unitary method is a method under which a calculation is carried out to find the value of the number of items, by first finding the value of one item.   From daily life experience, we know that when we increase the quantity of articles, their cost increases and when we decrease the quantity of articles, their cost decreases. In other words, more articles have more value and less articles have less value.   Note: In unitary method: (i)    To get more value we multiply. (ii)  To get less value we divide.  
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Catgeory: 4th Class

Money

 Money   Introduction We require a number of things in our day to day life. We buy these things from the market and in return we pay money as per the rate of the article. So money is of great importance to us.   Different countries use different currencies. Indian currency is known as rupees. Short form of the rupees is Rs, written by the symbol Rs. We write 78 rupees as Rs. 78.   Conversion of Rupees into Paise One rupee is equal to 100 paise, so to convert rupees into paise, we multiply the Rs. by 100.
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Catgeory: 4th Class

Geometrical Figures

 Geometrical Figures   Introduction In our day to day life we come across a number of objects. All the objects has a specific shape and size. We recognize a number of objects by their shape. Therefore, to know about the objects and of their shapes is very important. In this chapter we will study about the shapes of different geometrical figures.   Point To show a particular location, a dot (.) is placed over it, that dot is known as a point. A is a point   Line Segment Line segment is defined as the shortest distance between two fixed points. It has fixed length.
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Catgeory: 4th Class

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Roman Numerals Hindu-Arabic Numeral