6th Class

   Future Tense   In Future Tense, a verb indicates that an action will take place in future.           Look at the following sentences:

•   He will go to Delhi tomorrow.
•   The officer will be writing a letter to the minister.
•   Serena will have eaten the mango.

In the sentence given above the verbs will go, will be writing and will have eaten show an action to be done in future time. These verbs are said to be in the future tense. Future Tense shows an action to be done in future (coming) time.            Future Indefinite Tense The Future Indefinite Tense is used to express a supposed action, determination and to put questions. This tense shows an action to be more...

     Past Tense   When a verb indicates an action in the past, it is known as the Past Tense.          Look at the following sentences:

• He wrote a beautiful poem.
• Steve was playing is the court yesterday.
• They had come on time.
• She had been going to English class for two months.

In the sentence given above the verbs wrote, was playing, had come and had been going show an action of past time. These verbs are said to be in the Past Tense.               Simple Past / Past Indefinite Tense Formation: Subject +  + Object.   Look at the following sentences: He sang a beautiful song. The speaker delivered the speech.   Use of Simple Past Tense more...

   Present Tense   Present tense locates a situation or event in present time. It expresses action in the present, a current state of being, an occurrence in the future, or an action that started in the past and continues.            Look at the following sentences: Steve learns a lesson. He is going to Mumbai. I have met him twice. He has been watching TV for half an hour. The sentence given above show action in present time             Simple Present /Present Indefinite Formation: Subject + \[{{\text{V}}_{\text{1}}}\] or s/es form of verb + Object. See the following explanation The simple present tense takes one of the two forms depending on the subject. Subjects followed by verb in                   more...

   Introduction   Tense is the time of a verb's action or state of being, such as past, present or future.   There are three kinds of tense. They are as follows: A. Present Tense B. Past Tense C. Future Tense   These three tenses are further divided into four parts. They are the following: (i) Simple or Indefinite (ii) Continuous or Progressive (iii) Perfect (iv) Perfect continuous Let's discuss the tense one by one.  

    Practice Exercise   Change the following Direct speech into Indirect speech.       He says, "It is four o'clock." Solution: He says that it is four o'clock. Serena says to me, "There is a temple in the village." Solution: Serena tells me that there is a temple in the village. People said, "The village is very far". Solution: People said that the village was very far. Rocky said, "The dog barked at the man" Solution: Rocky said that the dog had barked at the man.         Change the following Direct speech into Indirect speech.       The boy said, "The horse was running on the road." (A) The boy said that the horse had been running on the road (B) The boy said that the more...

     Indirect Speech   Definition: When the substance or meaning of a person's speech is presented, it is called Indirect speech.

•   Steve said, "He will go to New York."
•   Steve said that he would go to New York.

The two sentences given above refer to the two ways of reporting the words of a speaker. In sentence two, the actual or exact words of the speaker is not presented. But the substance or meaning of the speech is presented. The speech is called Indirect Speech.     Remember it

•   In Indirect Speech the words of the speaker are not put within Inverted Commas.
•   A Conjunction is introduced after said. The comma and Inverted Commas are omitted.
•   The Tense of the actual words of the speaker may or may not change.
•   The more...

    Direct Speech   Definition: When the actual or exact words of a speaker is presented, it is called Direct Speech.

•   Anita said, "she will go to New York."
•   Anita said that she would go to New York.

The two sentence given above refer to the two ways of reporting the words of a speaker. In sentence 1, the actual or exact words of the speaker is presented. This speech is called Direct Speech.           Remember it

•   In Direct Speech the actual words of the speaker are put within Inverted Commas (" ")
•   The sentence within Inverted Commas begin with a Capital Letter.  

There are two parts of a sentence in Direct Speech. They are the following:   1.       Reporting Verb: The first part of the more...

    Introduction   The art of reporting words of a speaker is called Narration. There two main ways of reporting the words of a speaker: (i)  Direct speech (ii)  Indirect speech  

    Introduction   Letter writing is another form of composition and is meant for communication between the writer and the reader. In a letter we generally express our emotional, social and obligatory feeling to the other person, who is away from us. These days/however, letter writing has not been in much practice due to other quicker means of communication like telephone, e-mail, telegrams etc. But in spite of all such communications writing letters has its own charm and reflects a more personalized touch of the writer for the reader.  

    Types of Letters             Friendly of Personal Letters Such letters are written to close friends, to relatives and other close persons of esteemed regards and respect.             Business Letter or Official Letters Such letters are written in connection with the inflow or out flow of business transaction or in offices- from one office to another office or person, expressing the specific requirement of the officer or firm to comply with or to person or ask for information from the other party, office or person. Those are more technical and formal ones. Here we do not express any emotional feelings but straight away communication.            Special Letters These are very formal and short letters. Generally used for more...