5th Class

     More on Desktop     You are already familiar with the Desktop. This is first screen appears as soon as windows gets started. (See Figure 5.3.4)             There are many icons on the Desktop which point to a program, folder and document or Internet location. My Computer lists the contents of the computer. Double click on My Computer icon on the Desktop. It displays the various drives in your computer such as the Floppy disk drive, Hard disk drive and CD drive. (See Figure 5.3.5)          If you double-click on any one of the icons, you get further information about what it stands for. For example, if there is a floppy in the drive, a double-click on the corresponding more...

   Windows     Applications Windows programs are software applications that are run on a computer that is also running Microsoft Windows as an operating system. A software application or program is a set of logical conditions grouped together to perform some function. Typically a Microsoft Windows application will be run within a "window" although that is not a requirement. A "window" in the context of software is an area of the screen set aside to run a single program and may or may not have options for controlling the position and size of the program area. (See Figure 5.3.2)              Some examples of Microsoft Windows applications are:

• Microsoft Excel
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
•  Notepad

    You can Open These Applications that more...

     System Programs and Application Programs     There are basically two types of programs that we use: system programs and application programs. The system programs constitute what we call an operating system.         The programs that make up the operating system are:

• Control programs
• Supervisory programs
• Service programs

The control programs control and manage all the hardware and memory resources of the computer. They regulate and time the activities of the CPU and allocate memory space when it is required. They schedule the data to be received or sent through input and output devices. The service programs provide many services to the user. The most common example is the set of programs that let you save files and load them from floppies or CDs and copy, rename, delete files or folders. The Windows more...

     Introduction     You have learned about Windows, which is the most popular operating system (OS) that makes a computer work. You saw that all the processing work that goes on inside the computer is controlled by the central processing unit or CPU. The CPU follows a list of instructions stored in the computer's memory.-This list of instructions is called program. When the CPU is processing or working on an instruction, the mouse pointer changes into an hourglass figure. When the CPU is working and obeying a sequence of instructions, we say that it is executing a program or software. (See Figure 5.3.1)     

      Introduction to Logo   Now we will get acquainted with the LOGO interface. LOGO Screen is divided into Two Parts: 1. Graphic Area: The upper part of the screen where the turtle moves and draws figures is called Graphic Area. 2. Text Area: The lower part of the screen where we give different commands is the text area. This is called the Commander or the Listener. (See Figure 5.2.1)             Turtle A small triangle that appears in the center of the screen is called Turtle. It is used to make figures on the screen and leaves a trail behind as it works. The pointed end of the turtle is called its head. The wide end of the turtle is called its tail. Whenever you more...

        Common Analogies             Profession   Under this type of questions, two words are given. These words are related to each other in terms of profession. The student is required to find out the relation between the first two words and choose the word from the given alternatives. 1.  Director : Film :: Editor : Newspaper 2.  Warrior : Battle field :: Novelist : Novel 3.  Engineer : Bridges :: Architect : Design 4.  Sailor : Ship :: Pilot : Plane 5.  Librarian : Library :: Cashier : Bank 6.  Army : Land :: Cost Guard : Sea               Dwelling Place   Under this type of questions, two words are given. These words are related to each other as the animals and their dwelling more...

    Exiting From LOGO   We can exit LOGO in two ways:        One is by giving bye command at LOGO prompt. ? BYE OR Click Exit from the File menu. In both the ways, LOGO will display a message window for your confirmation. Insert screen shot of Exit message window of logo Click Yes to exit from LOGO or Click No to remain in the LOGO window.                    Which of the following commands is/are used to exit from Logo? (A) Close                                                              (B) End (C) Bye                                                                 (D) Clear (E) None of these     Answer: (c) Explanation Correct option: (C) Bye : Bye command is used to end more...

      Calculations in Logo     Logo can work as a calculator also. You can do simple calculations like Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division in Logo by using the Print command. All the calculations can be done at the LOGO Prompt only in the Text Window.       The symbols used in the computer are: Arithmetic Operation                                     SYMBOL Addition                                                                + Subtraction                                                            - Multiplication                           more...

        Introduction   Analogy 'means 'correspondence'. In questions based on analogy, a particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to be identified from the alternatives provided. Analogy tests are therefore meant to test the candidate's overall vocabulary, power of reasoning and ability to think concisely and accurately. Below given are some examples of analogy based on common relationship, along with their explanations. Observe them carefully as these will help you to understand the concept of analogy in a better way.             Boat : Ship :: (A) Book: volume                                             (B) Oar: water (C) Raft : stern                                                   (D) Land : sea (E) None of these     Answer: (A) Explanation: A ship is more than just an ordinary boat. A volume is more more...

     Draining Figures Using LOGO     As discussed before, you can use LOGO to draw different interesting shapes. As you type out the commands in the Text window, you can see your figure form in the Graphic window. Some examples are given below:        Straight Vertical Line ? FD 100 <Enter>       Straight Horizontal Line ? RT 90 <Enter> ? FD 100 <Enter>          Triangle ? Home <Enter> ? FD 40 RT 90 FD 50 HOME <Engter>         Rectangle ? FD 100 RT 90 FD 200 RT 90 FD 100 RT 90 FD 200 <Enter>    more...