5th Class

Soil, Rocks and Minerals   Synopsis             Tit bits               The Tajmahal, considered one of the wonders of the modern world, is made entirely out of marble. It also has gemstones embedded as decorations. Gemstones are precious rocks.  

• The land on the earth is made up of soil and

Rocks are made up of minerals.  

• There are three kinds of rocks - igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic.

 

• Igneous rocks are also known as fiery Igneous rocks such as granite and basalt are formed when magma cools above the surface of the earth,                   

 

• Granite rock is made of mica, quartz and

 

• Sedimentary rocks are more...

Air, water and weather   Tit Bits   Synopsis Ants can feel a storm coming. They collect food when they feel a storm is on the way. Changes in air is on the way. Changes in air pressure warn them.    

• The blanket of air that surrounds the earth is called the It protects life on earth in various ways.

 

• The atmosphere has troposphere and stratosphere layers.

 

• The layer nearest to the earth is the tropo- sphere.

 

• The layer that lies above the troposphere is the

 

• Air is a mixture containing 78% of nitrogen, 21% of oxygen more...

The Moon             Tit bits   The moon’s surface is very, old. The youngest rocks brought back by the Apollo astronauts are more than three thousand million years old. ARYABHATTA was the first to tell us that eclipses occur because of the shadows cast by the    earth and the moon  

• The branch of science that deals with the study of celestial bodies is called

 

• The moon is the natural satellite of the earth.

 

• The moon does not have any light of its However, we are able to see the    moon because it reflects the sunlight.       

 

• The surface of the moon is covered with craters, more...

Matter   Tit bits Water has more mass than kerosene even though though they both have same volume, water has more weight than kerosene.   Synopsis 

• Any thing that has weight and occupies space is called matter.

 

• Matter has mass and occupies space. Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid and gaseous states.                            

 

• Matter is made up of tiny particles called a molecule. A molecule can be broken down further into smaller units called atoms.

 

• In solids, the attraction between molecules is very strong. Solids have fixed shape, size and volume.

 

• In a liquid, the attraction between molecules is not very strong, but molecules stay together. Liquids do not have a fixed shape and can flow freely.

 

• In a more...

Force, work and energy   Tit bits   Friction produces heat which is not always a disadvantage. For e.g., we use the heat produced by friction to light a match stick  

• A force is a push or a pull. It can help us do work.
• A simple machine is a tool that helps us to do work easily. It does work when we apply a force.
• There are different classes of simple machines:

(a) Lever.                                   (b) Pulley. (c) Wheel and axle.          (d) Inclined plane. (e) Screw.                      (e) Wedge, A lever is a simple machine. It is a rigid rod that turns about a fixed point called fulcrum. It consists of fulcrum (F), more...

Safety and first Aid   Tit bits Fixed – time traffic lights were invented in the United States and introduced in New York 1918.the purpose of the traffic light is to control the flow of traffic, determine the right way at intersections and give greater safety to drives.    Synopsis

• First Aid is the first medical help given to an injured person before a doctor arrives. The most important thing while giving first aid is to stay calm.

Safety on the road is more important than ever before because of the rapid increase in the number of vehicles. Read and follow road signs. They are meant for your safety. Always follow safety rules on the road and at home. more...