Current Affairs 4th Class

Making Comparison Between Wordpad and Notepad   Introduction Notepad and WordPad are the two text editing programs that are available as default to those who install any windows based operating system.   By using WordPad, you can create documents that include graphics or text formatting' like bold and italic type. You can also change the size, alignment and color of die text in a document.   Notepad is a simpler text editor that doesn't include any formatting options. 5t can aim work as a very basic program tor writing and editing the HTML code used to malic web pages.   Notepad Notepad is one of the simplest text editors available. Hence i.t also has the least features.  It is only capable of the most minimal formatting such as different fonts and sizes, it is only deals with text, no images and no graphics.               Steps to open the Notepad:
• Click on Windows button.
• Select All Apps options from the Start menu list.
• Select Notepad option which is listed under the Windows Accessories folder-
Or   To open Notepad, Type “Notepad” in the search box on the task bar and then select Notepad from the list of Result.
• Title Bar: The title bar is located at the top of a Window
The menu bar contain File, Edit, Format, View and Help option.
• The File option contain New, Open, Save, Save as, Page Setup, Print, Exit option.
• The Edit option handles text edition options. It contain Undo, Cut, Copy, Paste, Delete, Find, Replace, Goto, Select All and Time/ Date options.
• The Format option control all font properties.
It contain only word wrap and font options. The word wrap feature in Notepad is useful, to automatically moves a word to the next line. To activate the word-wrap option do the following:
• Click the format option. When you open or click on format option you will see a tick in front of the “Word Wrap” option. If you click on more...

Patterns

Patterns     OBJECTIVES   ·      Students will learn to develop and extend patterns ·      Students will learn to discover how patterns arise in a variety of mathematical and everyday contexts, and to establish the rules which govern them.   Introduction   Patterns are ·      repeated designs or recurring sequences. ·      an ordered set of letters, words, numbers, shapes or other mathematical objects, arranged according to a particular rule.     Type I:  To find the missing term or next term (number or letter) ·      To find the missing term in the given pattern, identify the rule followed in rest of the given terms in pattern using mathematical operation: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, skip counting and reverse counting. ·      Identify the order of alphabetical series either from A to Z or Z to A. ·      Skipping letters.     Type II: To find the missing part in the figure pattern. ·      Complete the figure pattern by drawing its incomplete part in the pattern.     Examples - 1 In the number pattern below, what are the values of A and B respectively?
 4 A 16 25 36 B
(a) 9, 49                        (b) 49, 9         (c) 9, 64                        (d) 81, 49                         Ans.     (a)   Explanation: Pattern followed in above series is $2\times 2=4,,4\times 4=16,\text{ }5\times 5=25,$ $6\times 6=36,\,\,$     Examples - 2 Which is the missing square? (a)                  (b) (c)                    (d)                         Ans.     (b) Explanation: Sum of circles in each row or column is 10.     Examples - 3 How many circles will be in pattern 7? (a) 11                            (b) 13 (c) 14                            (d) 19             more...

Analogy

Analogy       OBJECTIVES   ·      Students will be able to study the similar patterns. ·      They will be able to short out object on the basis of similarity       Introduction   In ?analogy? a pair of figures/letters/words/numbers is provided and a similar relationship is followed by another pair of figures/letters/words/numbers. This is also known as 'Similarity' or 'Matching pairs'.       Types of analogy     1. Word Analogy In word analogy, a group of three words is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of words.   Example - 1 Paw: Cat:: Hoof:? (a) Horse                       (b) Lion         (c) Lamb                       (d) Elephant                                Ans.     (a) Explanation: First is the name given to the foot of the second.     Example - 2 Moon is related to satellite in the same way as Earth is related to....? (a) Sun                          (b) Planet       (c) Solar system              (d) Asteroid                               Ans.     (b) Explanation: Moon is a satellite and earth is a planet.                      2. Letter Analogy In letter analogy, a group of letters is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of letters.     Example - 3 Complete the second pair in the same way as first pair. AT is to CV, as LR is to (a) MS                           (b) NT           (c) KQ                           (d) RL                                Ans.     (b) Explanation: As,                 So, NT will complete the second pair.     Example - 4 COME is related to EOMC, in the same way HOME is related to (a) EMOH                      (b) IPNF        (c) EOMH                      (d) FNPI                      Ans.     (c) more...

Classification

Classification     OBJECTIVE   ·      These questions test the abilities of the students to the differences and similarities among objects or things ·      Students will learn assorting of the items of a given group on the basis of certain common quality     INTRODUCTION   Classification means 'to assort the items of a given group on the basis of a certain common quality they possess and then spot the stranger or 'odd one out'. These questions are based on words, letters and numerals. In these types of problems, we consider the defining quality of particular things. In these questions, four elements or parts are given, out of which one doesn't belong to the group. You are required to find the 'odd one5. These are the types of questions which we shall consider in classification:     Questions on Classification Types   These are the types of questions which we shall consider in classification:       Type I: Choosing the Odd Word   In these types of problems, some words are given which belong to real world. They have some common features except the odd one. You are required to find the 'odd one out?.     Directions (Examples 1 - 3): In each of the following questions, four words have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner while the fourth one is different. Choose the odd one.       1.            (a) Pear                         (b) Apple        (c) Guava                      (d) Orange                        Ans.     (d)                             Explanation: Out of given fruits orange is citrus fruit. So, it is different from others.     2.            (a) Tomato                    (b) Brinjal       (c) Cucumber                 (d) Potato                       Ans.     (d)     Explanation: All the vegetables except potato grow above the ground level.     3.            (a) Mustard                    (b) Onion        (c) Olive                        (d) Sesame   Ans.     (b) Explanation: All except onion are used for extracting oil.       Type II: Choosing the Odd more...

Alphabet Test

Alphabet Test       OBJECTIVES   ·      Students will learn how to arrange a single series of alphabets. ·      They will learn to decode the logic involved in the alphabetical sequence.       INTRODUCTION   Alphabet test is a group of English letters. It is a test to solve the problems based on letters of English alphabet. Some basic facts related to Alphabet Test are given below:     I. The Alphabet Series:   The English Alphabet contains 26 letters as shown below:          II. Letters positions in forward alphabetical order:         III. Letters positions in backward or reverse alphabetical order:      Remember the word E J 0 T Y                IV. A, E, I, 0, U are vowels and remaining letters are consonants of English alphabet respectively: V. A-M (1-13) letters are the first half of English alphabet.   VI. N-Z (14-26) letters are the second half of English alphabet.       Types of Questions       Type 1: Alphabetical Order of Words   Arranging words in alphabetical order implies 'to arrange them in the order as they appear in a dictionary'. First consider the first letter of each word. Arrange the words in the order in which these letters appear in the English alphabet.            Examples                   1.         Arrange the following words as per order in the dictionary. A. Nose      B. Mouth     C. Eyes       D. Hair (a) D, C, A, B    (b) C, D, B, A    (c) A, B, D, C    (d) D, C, B, A Ans.     (b) Explanation: The given words begin with letters N, M, E, H respectively. Their order in English alphabet is E, H, M, N. Thus, the correct alphabetical order of these words is as follows: $Eyes\to Hair\to Mouth\to Nose\,i.e.\,C,D,B,A$So, option (b) is correct.     2.         Arrange the following words as given in dictionary. 1. Across   2. Admit    3. Advise   4. Alone more...

Order and Ranking

Order and Ranking     OBJECTIVES   ·      Students will be able to identify the position of an objects/a person from left end or right end. ·      They will be able to identify interchanging positions of two persons.       INTRODUCTION   In this chapter generally the ranks of a person from both sides left or right or from top and from bottom are mentioned and total numbers of persons are asked.       Types of questions   1.  Total number of persons and positions of one person (either from left or right) are given. 2.  Position of more than one person is given. 3.  Ascending/Descending order - according to age, height, weight, marks etc.       FORMULAS FOR ORDER AND RANKING   Finding rank either from left or from right Total - (given rank - 1) = required rank   Finding total numbers   Case 1 When ranks of one person are given from both sides of the row. Ranks of common person from both sides (R1 + R2) - 1   Case 2                                                            When ranks of two persons and numbers of the persons who are sitting between these two persons are given. (R1+R2)+number of middle persons                                 Finding the numbers of persons who are sitting between any two persons                                                            Total - (Rank from left + Rank from the right)                            Finding Rank of Middle Person Step 1: Convert both ranks from the same side. Step 2: Find the average of both ranks.       Example 1:   more...

Direction and Distance

Direction and Distance       OBJECTIVES   ·      Students will develop the ability to trace and follow the logical path correctly and sense of direction correctly as will.       INTRODUCTION   Direction is a measurement of position of one thing with respect to another thing.   Displacement is the measurement of distance between initial and the final point. Direction and distance test mainly deals with two types of directions i.e. main directions and cardinal directions.       MAIN DIRECTIONS   There are four type of directions, viz, East, West, North and South as shown below. The word 'NEWS' stands for the information of all four directions.         CARDINAL DIRECTIONS   A direction between two main directions is called cardinal direction.  Clearly there are four cardinal directions.             (i) N-E (North-East)             (ii) N-W (North-West)             (iii) S-E (South-East) and             (iv) S-W (South-West)     Note: Angle formed between two main directions is $90{}^\circ$ and angle formed between a cardinal direction and main direction is $45{}^\circ$as shown in the above diagram.       ROTATION OF ANGLES     (i) For right direction movement (Clockwise)         (ii) For left direction movement (Anti-clockwise)     Left turn Anti-clockwise direction Right turn Clockwise direction   The change in direction when a person or vehicle takes a right or a left turn
Direction before taking the turn   Direction in which the person or vehicle will be moving after taking turn
Right Left
more...

Coding Decoding

Coding Decoding       OBJECTIVES   ·      Students will develop the ability to understand the logic that cots a particular message to read the message.        INTRODUCTION   A code means arrangement of letters. Therefore, coding is a method of transforming any instruction from the given form to the required form.       CODING   A particular code patterh is used to express a word in English language to express it as a different word. The coded word itself does not make any sense unless we know the code, i.e. unless we know the pattern or code that has been followed.       DECODING   Decoding helps in tracing out the actual meaning of a coded letter/word sentence.       TYPES OF CODING   1.  Letter Coding 2.  Number Coding 3.  Substitution Coding 4.  Sentence Coding 5.  Symbols Coding     Letter Coding   In these questions, code values are given to a word in terms of letters. A particular letter stands for another letter in letter coding.               Examples:                       1.         In a certain code language, TEACHER is written as VGCEJGT, then how will CHILDREN be written in that code language? (a) ENAGITEV                           (b) PGTFNKJE (c) EJKNFTGP               (d) MGAETVIE                    Ans.     (c) Explanation: Similarly, Hence, answer is (c).         Number Coding   In these questions, either numerical code values are assigned to a word or alphabetical code values are assigned to numbers.                    2.         If in a certain code ROPE is coded as 6821, CHAIR is coded as 73456 what will be code for CRAPE? (a) 73456                       (b) 76421        (c) 77246                       (d) 77123              Ans.     (b) Explanation: The alphabets are coded as follows: more...

Arithmetic Reasoning

Arithmetic Reasoning       OBJECTIVES   ·         This test measures student?s ability?s ability to perform basic arithmetic operations and to solve problems that involve fundamental arithmetic concepts.        INTRODUCTION   Arithmetic reasoning focuses on word problems and delivers mathematical questions and equations in a format that must be synthesized.       Examples   1.            After buying 2 erasers at Rs. 10 each, Akram has Rs. 3 left. How much amount did he have at first? (a) 20                           (b) 22           (c) 23                           (d) 26   Ans.    (c) Explanation; Cost of one eraser = Rs. 10 Cost of two erasers = $10\times 2=20$                             = Rs. 20 After buying 2 erasers Akram has left = Rs. 3 Total amount first he had = 20 + 3 = 23     2.            Sania has 12 chocolates. Suraj has one fourth as many chocolates as Sania. Ridhima has 8 more chocolates than Suraj. How many total chocolates are there? (a) 12                           (b) 14            (c) 26                           (d) 28   Ans.   (c) Explanation: Total number of chocolates Sania has = 12 Suraj has $=12\times 1/4=3$ Ridhima has = 3 + 8 = 11 Total chocolates =12+3+11= 26     3.            One pan can fry 2 pieces of meat at one time. Every piece of meat takes two minutes to be cooked (one minute for each side). Using only one pan, what is the least possible time to cook 1000 pieces of meat? (a) 1000 minutes         (b) 1500 minutes (c) 2000 minutes          (d) 2500 minutes more...

Calendar/Day/Date

Calendar/Day/Date       OBJECTIVES   ·         Students will be able to distinguish between events occurring in time using terms. ·         They will get the qualitative feel of long and short duration.         INTRODUCTION       TIME   Time is measured with the help of a clock or a watch. A clock has two hands.               ·         The shorter hand is called the Hour Hand. ·         The longer hand is called the Minute Hand. ·         The face of the clock is divided into 12 equal divisions. ·         The hour hand takes 12 hours to complete 1 round. It moves round the clock twice a day. ·         The minute hand takes 1 hour to complete one round. In 1 round, minute hand moves through 60 small divisions, each of which is equal to 1 minute. ·         On the clock, there are 5 minutes between the two consecutive numbers. ·         The minute hand moves 24 times round the clock in one day.       DAYS   The duration of 24 hours (from one mid-night to the next mid-night) is called 1 day.                                     1 day = 24 hours     Days of a Week ·         There are 7 days in a week. ·         The names of the seven days of the week in order are.   Yesterday, Today, more...

Trending Current Affairs

You need to login to perform this action.
You will be redirected in 3 sec