Category : 4th Class
Analogy
OBJECTIVES
· Students will be able to study the similar patterns.
· They will be able to short out object on the basis of similarity
Introduction
In ?analogy? a pair of figures/letters/words/numbers is provided and a similar relationship is followed by another pair of figures/letters/words/numbers. This is also known as 'Similarity' or 'Matching pairs'.
Types of analogy
1. Word Analogy
In word analogy, a group of three words is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of words.
Example - 1
Paw: Cat:: Hoof:?
(a) Horse (b) Lion
(c) Lamb (d) Elephant
Ans. (a)
Explanation: First is the name given to the foot of the second.
Example - 2
Moon is related to satellite in the same way as Earth is related to....?
(a) Sun (b) Planet
(c) Solar system (d) Asteroid
Ans. (b)
Explanation: Moon is a satellite and earth is a planet.
2. Letter Analogy
In letter analogy, a group of letters is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of letters.
Example - 3
Complete the second pair in the same way as first pair.
AT is to CV, as LR is to
(a) MS (b) NT
(c) KQ (d) RL
Ans. (b)
Explanation: As,
So, NT will complete the second pair.
Example - 4
COME is related to EOMC, in the same way HOME is related to
(a) EMOH (b) IPNF
(c) EOMH (d) FNPI
Ans. (c)
Explanation: As,
So, HOME is related to EOMH.
3. Number Analogy
In number analogy, a group of numbers is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of numbers.
Example - 5
63 is related to 3, in the same way as 96 is related to...............?
(a) 15 (b) 3
(c) 9 (d) 5
Ans. (d)
Explanation: As,
\[63=6+3=9\,and\,9\div 3=3\]
Similarly, \[96=9+6=15\text{ }and\text{ }15\div 3=5\]
So, 96 is related to 5.
4. Mixed Analogy
In mixed analogy, a group of combination of numbers/letters/words is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of combination of numbers/letters/words.
Example - 6
A: 1: : C : ?
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 9
Ans. (d)
Explanation: As,
\[A\to {{(1)}^{2}}=1\] (the positional value of A is 1)
Similarly, \[C\to {{(3)}^{2}}=9\] (the positional value of C is 3).
So, C is related to 9.
5. Figure Analogy
In figure analogy, a group of figures is given, followed by four alternatives. The student is required to choose the alternative, which is similar to the given group of figures.
Example - 7
Which figure will complete the second pair in the same way as first pair.
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Ans. (c)
Explanation: The design in first figure is completed and divided into four equal parts to obtain the second figure.
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