7th Class

  Application     The principal                                                                                                                                      Date (dd/mm/yy) ABC School Delhi Respected Sir/ Madam (Body in two or three paragraph) (i) (ii) (iii) Yours Obediently XYZ   1.             Write an application to the principal for 5 days leave that you have already taken due to illness. The principal                                                                                                                                                      October 5, 2011 Ring Bell school Delhi                                                                                 Subject: Leave application Respected Madam, With most humbly and respectfully I beg to state that I am a student of your school of class Xth B. I had been suffering from fever for 5 days. The doctor had advised me complete bed rest. Thus I was absent from school from 2/ 10/ 2011 to 6/ 10/ 2011. Therefore, I am requesting you to kindly grant me leave for five days. I shall be obliged to you. Yours obediently Neeraj   more...

    Types of Letter   Letters can be divided into two types, which are as follows:           Informal Letters Are written to (i) Friends (ii) Parents (iii) Relatives             Formal Letters (i) Official Letter (ii) Letter to the Editor (iii) Business Letter (iv) Application            Format (Informal Letter) Self Address :                                                                                                                                   more...

  Introduction   The art of writing a letter takes practice, knowledge about proper form and the ability to put into words your feelings, thoughts, and/or ideas. If you learn the basics parts of a letter, it will help you to create letters for a variety of occasions.  

.     Introduction   Definition: In the following questions, sentences have been divided into six parts. The first and the last parts are numbered 1 and 6 and the remaining four parts are named P, Q, R and S. While parts 1 and 6 are in order, the remaining parts are jumbled. Rearrange the parts P, Q, R and S to form meaningful sentences while remaining parts 1 and 6 are the beginning and end of the sentence respectively:      First, we shall determine the wage costs P.  Minimum wage for agriculture Q.  On the basis of the statutory R.  Labour notified by the S.  State or the actual wages paid 6.  Whichever is higher (A) P R S Q                                       more...

    Indirect Speech   When the substance or meaning of a person's speech is presented, it is called Indirect Speech.

• He said to me," He is doing an arduous task.
• He told me that he was doing an arduous task.

The above given two sentences refer to the two ways of reporting the words of a speaker. In sentence 2, the actual or exact words of the speaker are not presented. But the substance or meaning of the speech is presented. This speech is called Indirect Speech.   Points to keep in mind:

• In Indirect Speech the words of the speaker are not put within Inverted Commas.
• A conjunction is introduced after said. The comma and Inverted Commas are omitted.
• The Tense of the actual words of the speaker may or may not change.
• The word denoting person used within Inverted more...

   Direct Speech   Repeating the words of the speaker as they have been said. These words are kept in inverted commas "-----------"        

•   My mother said to me, "I shall go to the market today."
•   This is called Direct Narration or Direct Speech.  

(B)        Indirect Speech If the words of the speaker are said in our own words it is called Indirect Narration or Speech.       My mother told me that she should go to the market that day.

•   He said to me," He is doing an arduous task.
•   He told me that he was doing an arduous task.

The above given two sentences refer to the two ways of reporting the words more...

      Introduction   Definition: Narration is the art of reporting the words of a speaker. There are two ways of expressing the speech of the speaker:  

      Use of Shall/Will   Generally 'shall' is used with "I and we" and 'will' is used with the rest. In another words we can say that 'shall' is used with first person and 'will' is used with second and third person.      

•   We shall take this initiative.
•   They will prosecute him in the court of law.  

        But If a sentence refers to (i) Promise (ii) Willingness (iii) Certainty (iv) Determination and (v) Threat, in that case "shall" is used in the place of "will" and "will is used in the place of "shall".              

•   I will go to Paris tomorrow any more...

    Introduction   Definition: Modals are used before ordinary verbs and express meanings such as permission, possibility, certainty and necessity. Need and dare can sometimes be used like modal verbs.   The following are the modal verbs in English grammar: (i) Shall                 (ii) Will                  (iii) Should           (iv) Would (v) Can                  (vi) Could             (vii) May              (viii) Might (ix) Must               (x) Used to         (xi) Ought to        (xii) Need to (xiii) Dare  

    Kinds of Voice   There are two kinds of voice:             Active Voice In active voice, the object receives the action of the verb. Example: You play cricket.             Passive Voice In passive voice the subject receives the action of the verb. Example: Cricket is played by you.   Rules how to change active to passive: 1.       Subject changes into object and object changes into subject. 2.       Use of helping verb according to Tense. 3.       Use of third form of the verb. 4.       Use of 'by' before a subject which changes into object.       Active: He (subject) + writes (verb) + a + letter (object) Passive: A letter (subject) + is (helping verb) more...