3rd Class

Geometrical Shapes   Introduction Lines, angles and rays are the basic concept of geometrical figures. Basic geometrical figure was first introduced in text by great mathematician Euclid.   Lines and Its Characteristics Point A precise location or place on a plane. Point is usually represented by dot. A is a point   Line more...

Data Handling   Introduction Pictograph is referred as the representation of data in picture form. In ancient time pictograph was the method for writing the information. Numbers were also represented in picture form.   Pictograph and Its Use Information about anything in the form of picture is called pictograph. There are different types of graphs which are used for the representation of data. These are bar graph, line graph, venn diagram.   more...

  History of Computing Hardware   Introduction The development of modern computer is based on the invention of ancient counting devices. Ancient people used pieces of stone, drawing lines and pieces of ropes to record the information. Among the various method of calculation, Abacus is known as the first calculating device. But the computer, first time is better known as the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) developed by John Mauchly and Eckert in 1946. It was used to do mathematical operations and store data.   First Calculating Device- The Abacus It was the first calculating device which was discovered by the Mesopotamians and improved by the Chinese. It is also called a counting frame and is a calculating tool used primarily in parts of Asia for performing arithmetic processes. An Abacus is made of frames, beads and rods. Calculation is done by the position of more...

Growth of Modern Computer   Introduction The growth of modern computer is the development of hardware and software development of ancient calculating devices. Enhanced capability of different generation of computer are based on the invention of new techniques and components. Ancient world did not imagine that a non-living matter can store data in its memory as a living being can store it. It was possible with the help of punch card. The enhanced version of storage was introduced with the help of magnetic drum. The magnetic drum storage technique is still in use as a platter of a hard drive is coated with magnetic material for storage.   Generation of Computers The first generation of computer had introduce with the development of storage media. Machine, that was invented before the first generation was only capable of performing arithmetic operation therefore, they were known as calculating machine. more...

  Introduction to Hardware and Software   Introduction Let us understand the difference between hardware and software with the help of our body. Our body is hard and we can touch it, move it but what about our feelings? We cannot touch our feelings. Computers are also made in the same way. It consists of two parts, one is hardware and another is software. One without the other is of no use. To run a computer both hardware and software are necessary. Hardware is the part that you can see and touch, parts which cannot be touched are called Software.   Physical parts of Computer (Hardware)   Hardware refers to the physical components of the computer that run the software such as the hard drive, motherboard, video and sound cards, monitor, printer, keyboard and mouse.   more...

  What is Booting Up?   Introduction The booting of a computer is a process in which it checks all the connected hardware in the computer. The POST (Power on Self-Test) report appears during the booting of a computer. Booting process is done very fast, therefore, one of the key on the keyboard is used to view the process during the POST.   Computer requires user attention to minimize the error occurred. Computer room should also be moisture free for the proper functioning and long life of the computer.   Booting Up The term Booting is used to describe the process of powering on a computer.   It is a process or set of operations that loads and starts the operating system, starting from the point when user switches the powder button.   In your computer lab session in the school, your more...

Input and Output Devices   Introduction The computer will be of no use unless it is able to communicate with the outside world. Input/output devices are required for users to communicate with the computer. An input device send information to a computer system for processing. An input device tor a computer allows you to enter information. An output device can receive data from another device, but it cannot send data to another device. There are different devices of he computer that help it to do work.   Input Devices The devices which are used to input the data and the program in the computer are known as "Input Devices". For the text input, keyboard are used, microphone is used for audio or sound input.     Keyboard The keyboard is the most common input device. A 'keyboard' is more...