Current Affairs 1st Class

             Automation   Internal works of a computer is done automatically. Once the sets of instructions is fed into the computer's memory, the CPU (Central Processing  Unit) of the computer follows the instructions till the program is completed, without the need for human involvement.                

• There are three basic parts of computer
• These are input, output and central processing unit.
• Central processing unit is also known as the brain of the computer    

   

• Monitor: This is the visual screen.
• Key board: this is the input device which is mainly used for text writing  

   

• The computer is a wonderful electronic machine that can perform various tasks and make out life easier
• The advantages of computer are: it never gets, it works very fast it never makes mistakes and is can work automatically  

       Abbreviations CPU     -       Central processing unit      

             Tirelessness         It never gets tired. Computer is free from problems like exhaustion, lack of concentration, confusion, etc., just unlike the human beings.      

           Accuracy   It never makes mistakes. The degree of accuracy of the computer is very high. Errors can occur in computerized system also but most of them occur due to human mistakes rather than technical problems of the computer.  

           Speed        A computer can perform the task fastly without making any mistakes. It executes more than thousands instruction within a few seconds. It processes the job within a short period of time that a human being will take several days or months to do the same job.    

           What is a Computer?   (1)  Look at the given pictures. These all are natural things.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   These all are man made things.                                                                                                                                              We call them as "Machines" These Machines work/run with the help of electricity     (2) Hello kids!!! Have you ever seen me? I am a Computer                   See my visual output screen, mouse and keyboard       An important part which is called CPU is missing here   Lets see me without missing my basic parts.     (3) I am internal parts of CPU. I need power/electricity to work    

• I am a useful and smart machine. I can do many things for you. 
• I never feel sleepy or tired.    
• I can work very fast for you.             

       Transport   We all need to go to different places. Sometimes these places are far away. So to go to these places we use transport. For example, if our school is far from home, we go to school by bus. Here, bus is the means of transport for going to school. The means of transport may be divided into three broad categories. These are: (i) Land transport (ii) Air transport (iii) Water transport Land Transport The means of transport that are used on land is known as land transport. There are various types of land transport.                                                          Bullock cart                                                                            Tonga     Some vehicles are pulled by animals. For example, bullock cart, tonga, camel cart, etc. These vehicles you can mostly find in villages and in small towns. These are generally used to travel short distances. In deserts camels are used for land transport. Elephants are used in thick forests. Mules and ponies are used in hilly places.                                                                                    Cycle                                               Rickshaw                                                   Hand barrow   You must have seen some vehicles on the road pulled by man or driven by human power. For example, bicycle, rickshaw, hand barrow etc. These are also used for short distances.                                                                                                              Bus                                                          Car                                                        Scooter                                 more...

       Communication   We use various means of transport to meet our friends and relatives. But sometimes we are not in a position to visit and meet them. In that case, means of communication helps us to keep contact with them, by sending and receiving messages.                                                                                                          There are various means of communication. These are:   Telephone Mobile phone Letter Telegram E-mails etc.  

      Parts of the Human Body   See the picture of the human body and the name of its parts:                                   Labeled Human Body      Look at the following parts of our body and their functions: Eye                                         -              To see Hand                                     -              To work Fingers of hand                  -              To write Legs                                       -             To move and stand Mouth                                    -              To eat Nose                                      -              To smell and breath Lips                                        -              To smile Teeth                                    -                To chew food items Ear                                          -              To hear       Face is located at which part of the human body? (a) Leg                                                                 (b) Hand (c) Head                                                               (d) Finger   Answer: (c) Explanation Option (C) is correct, because face is located at the head part of the human body. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.       Which part of the human body is used to see? (a) Eyes                                                               (b) Fingers (c) Hands                                                            (d) Teeth   Answer: (A) Explanation Option (A) is correct, because eyes are used to see. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.       Brain       Remember the followings about the human brain:

• The brain is controlling all the activities of our body.
• All the thinking work is done by the brain.
• All the other parts of the body work on instruction of the brain.
• This is located in head of the body.
• It helps to memories the matters we read and remember the incidents.

  Let us see the picture of human brain:     Which one of the following parts of the human body performs memory work? (a) Ear                                                                   (b) Hand (c) Face                                                                (d) Brain   Answer: (d) Explanation Option (D) is correct, because brains does the memory work. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.       Which one of the following statement is correct? (a) Brain is in the leg                                       (b) Brain is in the head (c) Brain is the chest                                       (d) Brain is the waist   Answer: (b) Explanation Option (B) is correct, because brain is in the head of the human body. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.    Heart Remember the followings about the human heart: it lies in the chest part. It is an internal organ of our body. It is pear shaped. It has the size of a fist. It has mass between 250 grams and 350 grams. It is made of special kind of muscles. It more...

     Introduction Environment is the surrounding in which we live in.       My Family and Relatives We all live in a house with our father, mother, brother and sister. Our parents, brother and sister make our family.   Family may be big and small.   In a small family, there are parents and one or two children. In a big family, there are parents, one or two brother or sister, grandfather and grandmother live together. Again, in some families not only parents and children, but also their uncle, aunt their children along with grand parents live together. Such family is called a joint family. All the members of a family generally have common surname. Brothers of our father are called as uncle. Brothers of our mother is known as maternal uncle. Our uncle's children are our cousins. Our family is our first teacher. Every member of 3 family, whether it is a small one or a large Joint family, has a very important role to play and needed by all the other members. Similarly a family has a important role in the area in which it stays and other families depend on it. These families, when taken together, form a society. The members of a family have many things in common. They look similar, talk and behave in a similar way. Some members of a family are sometimes affectionately called by a short name, which is known as pet name or nick name. Some families follow certain practices which may not be followed by other families. Such practices are called customs of the family. Our family and relatives are the important part of our life. They help us in our physical and mental development. We need them in making our decisions. Do you take help of your family members in doing your homework?       Who is the first teacher to all of us? (a) Class Teacher                                                              (b) Society (c) Family                                                             (d) Principal   Answer: (c) Explanation Option (C) is correct, because our learning’s begin at home only. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.       If my family consist of four members, in that case the fourth member of my family may be my: (a) Sister                                                              (b) Brother (c) Teacher                                                                        (d) Either (A) or (B)   Answer: (d) Explanation Option (D) is correct, because the fourth may be either my brother or my sister. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.    Neighborhood The places near our house is our neighborhood. In our neighborhood there are many houses. People who live in those houses are our neighbors. In our neighborhood there are many places, which are very useful to us.   more...

   Thu Sun   Like water and air, the Sun is also a natural source of energy.

• The Sun is spherical in shape.
• It is the in center of our solar system.
• It is much larger than the Earth and the Moon.
• It is the ultimate source of energy.
• Life cannot be possible without the Sun.
• Plants use solar energy for making their food.

       Let us see the picture of the sun:             Importance of Sun

• Sunlight is essential for living things.
• Plants get energy from the Sun to grow.
• Living things get heat from the Sun.
• Solar energy is used for heating, cooking, lighting etc.

      Negative Aspects of Sun

• Sun is unpleasant in summer.
• Over exposure to Sun causes sunburn.
• Heat waves in summer may cause sunstroke.
• Dehydration (loss of water from body) is common in summer, because Sun's heat.

        Which one of the following is true about the Sun? (a) The Sun is seen at night (b) The Sun is seen during day time (c) The Sun is smaller than the Earth (d) The Sun is not a natural source of energy   Answer: (b) Explanation Option (B) is correct. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.        The shape of the Sun is _____. (a) Spherical                                                       (b) Quadrilateral (c) Cube                                                               (d) Square   Answer: (a) Explanation  Option (A) is correct, because the Sun is spherical in shape. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.     The Moon

• It is a celestial body .which appears of same size as Sun in the sky.
• But it is smaller than both the Earth and the Sun.
• It is a part of our solar system.
• It is a heavenly body that moves around the Earth.
• It has spherical shape.
• It takes light from the Sun to glow.
• It can be clearly seen at night only.
• It is the natural satellites of the Earth.

      Moon is a _______body. (a) Plastic                                                             (b) Glass (c) Heavenly                                     (d) Soil   Answer: (c) Explanation Option (C) is correct, because the Moon is a heavenly body. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect.     When can you see the moon? (a) Night                                                              (b) Morning (c) Midday                                                          (d) Evening   Answer: (a) Explanation Option (A) is correct because, the Moon can be seen at night. Therefore, rest of the options is incorrect. more...