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5th Class

Measurement

  Measurement   
  • Basic units:
Length - metre (m)     Mass (Weight) - gram (g)   Capacity (Volume) - litre (Z) Time - second (s)       Temperature - degree Celsius (°C)
  • Lengths are measured using millimeters (mm), centimeters (cm) meters (m) and kilometers (km).
1 cm =10 mm;     1 m=100cm;     1 km = 1000m
  • Mass or weight of an object is measured using milligrams (mg), grams (g) and kilograms (kg).
1 g = 1000 mg; 1 kg = 1000 g;      1 tone = 1000 kg
  • Capacity is measured using milliliters (mZ), liters (Z) and kiloliters (kZ).
1Z=1000 mZ;1 kZ=1000Z
  • Time is measured in seconds (s), minutes (min), and hours (h). Larger durations are measured in days, weeks, months, years, decades, centuries etc.,
    • more...
Catgeory: 5th Class

Data Handling

  Data Handling  
  • Data :
  (a) Collection of information in numerical form for a specific purpose is called data, (b) Data can be analyzed and inferences are drawn from them. (c) The numerical data are represented in pictorial form for easy analysis and interpretation.  
  • Data presentation:
(a) Data are usually presented in the form of tables (numerical form) and pictures and graphs (pictorial representation). (b) Representation of data using pictures is called pictograph. (c) It is very tedious and time consuming to draw pictures for large data. (d) Bar graphs can be drawn to represent data using rectangles or bars. (e) In a bar graph, bars of equal width and heights corresponding to the given data are drawn. (f) The number of bars in a bar graph is the same as the more...
Catgeory: 5th Class

Large Numbers

Large Numbers  
  • Indian place value chart for a 9-digit number:
 
Period Crores Lakhs Thousands more...
Catgeory: 5th Class

Factors and Multiples

  Factors and Multiples   Factors: The numbers that are multiplied to give a product are called factors.             e.g., Factors divide the number exactly (i.e., without leaving a remainder.) So, factors are also called divisors. 1 is a factor of every number, and every number is a factor of itself. 1 is the smallest factor of a number and the number itself is its greatest factor. The factor of a number is less than or equal to the number. Every number (except 1) has at least 2 factors - 1 and the number itself. The factors or divisors that are common to two or more numbers are called their common factors. ∴ Common factors of 4 and 6 are 1, 2.  
Catgeory: 5th Class

Fractions

  Fractions    
  • Fraction:
A fraction is a part of whole. Fraction = \[\frac{\text{Numerator}}{\text{Denominator}}\] In \[\frac{6}{7}\], 6 is called numerator and 7 is called denominator. The denominator denotes the number of equal parts the whole is divided into. The numerator denotes the number of parts considered of the whole.  
  • Types of Fractions:
Like fractions: Fractions with same denominators. e.g., \[\frac{4}{5},\frac{6}{5},\frac{3}{5}\] etc. Unlike fractions: Fractions with different denominators. e.g.,\[\frac{1}{2},\frac{6}{8},\frac{9}{4}\] etc. Proper fractions: Fractions in which the denominator is greater than the numerator. e.g., \[\frac{2}{9},\frac{5}{6},\frac{3}{2}\] etc. Improper fractions: Fractions in which the numerator is greater than the denominator. e.g., \[\frac{9}{2},\frac{6}{5},\frac{2}{3}\]etc. Mixed Number: A number with a whole number part and a fractional part is called a mixed number e.g., \[1\frac{1}{2},2\frac{1}{3},3\frac{1}{4}\] etc.  
Catgeory: 5th Class

Decimals

  Decimals    
  • Decimal numbers: Fractions with 10, 100, 1000 or any multiple of 10 are called decimal numbers.
 
  • Decimal numbers have two parts:
(a) Whole number (Part which is on the left hand side to the decimal point) (b) Decimal part (Part which is on the right hand side to the decimal point) e.g., In the decimal number 5.789, 5 is the whole number part and 789 is decimal part read as five point seven eight nine.  
  • Place value Chart of decimal numbers:
  more...
Catgeory: 5th Class

Arithmetic

  Arithmetic  
  • Percent:
'Percent' means 'for every hundred'. Symbol for percentage is %.
  • Conversions:
  • a) Percentage to decimals:
    • To convert a percentage to a decimal, divide the number by 100. e.g., 68% = \[\frac{68}{100}\] = 0.68
  • b) Decimal to percentage:
    • To convert a decimal to a percentage, multiply the number by 100%. e.g., \[0.59 = 0.59\times 100% = 59%\]
  • c) Percentage to fraction:
    • To convert a percentage to a fraction, write the number with denominator 100 and reduce the fraction to its lowest terms. e.g., 45% =\[\frac{45}{100}=\frac{9}{20}\]
  • d) Fraction to percentage:
    • To convert a fraction to a percentage, multiply one fraction with 100% e.g., \[\frac{9}{20}=\frac{9}{20}\times 100%=45%\]
  • e) Finding the percent of a quantity:
    • To find the percent of a quantity, multiply them and simplify. e.g.,   30% Rs 100 more...
    Catgeory: 5th Class

    Geometry

      Geometry  
    • Line:
    A group of points in a straight path, extending on both sides infinitely form a line. Two points on the line denote it. A line \[\overleftrightarrow{\text{AB}}\] is read as line AB'. \[\overleftrightarrow{\text{AB}}\]=\[\overleftrightarrow{\text{BA}}\]
    • Line Segment:                                
    A part of a line with two end points is called a line segment. It has a definite length. Line segment A line segment PQ is written as PQ. \[\overline{\text{PQ }}\text{= }\overline{\text{QP}}\]
    • Ray:
    A part of a line, which extends infinitely in one direction only, from a point, is a ray. The point is called the end-point of the ray. more...
    Catgeory: 5th Class

    Mensuration

      Mensuration                                                  
    • Perimeter:
    The total boundary length of a closed figure is called its perimeter. It is expressed in usual units of measurement of length.  
    • Area:
    The amount of surface enclosed by a closed figure is called its area. (a) Area is measured in square units. (b) 1 m = 100 cm; 1 sq. m = 10000 sq. cm; (c) 1 cm = 10 mm; 1 sq. cm = 100 sq. mm  
    • Volume:
    The space occupied by an object is called its volume. (a) Volume is measured in cubic units. (b) 1 cu m = 1000000 cu cm; (c) 1 cu cm = 1000 cu mm  
    • Cube:
    It is a solid figure with 6 square surfaces. more...
    Catgeory: 5th Class

    Human Body and Nutrition

      Human Body and Nutrition   Human Body The organs of our body work together to perform various functions for the body. A group of organs doing some particular jobs for the body form an organ system.                Human body has the following systems performing certain functions:
    • Respiratory system is responsible for carrying oxygen. Oxygen is necessary for human life.
    • Digestive system breaks the food we eat into simpler forms.
    • Skeletal system gives shape to human body and helps in the movement.
    • Nervous system performs the functions of thinking, smelling, seeing, tasting, etc.
    • Circulatory system helps in transportation of oxygen, carbondioxide, nutrients and other substances to various parts of the body.
    • Muscular system helps in movement.
      Skeletal System It is the framework of bones which gives support to human body. Adult more...
    Catgeory: 5th Class

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