Current Affairs 2nd Class

      Introduction   Great personalities are the people who work for the society. They never consider about themselves. They are always ready to help the others. They achieve greatness with their work.   Look at the following great personalities:                                                  Which one of the following is Subhash Chandra Bose? (A)                                                                    (B)     (C)                                                                         (D)    Answer: (a) Explanation : Picture given in option (A) is of Subhash Chandra Bose. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         Which one of the following is Khudiram Bose? (A)                                                                        (B)       (C)                                                                          (D)           Answer : (b) Explanation : Picture given in option (B) is of Khudiram Bose. Therefore, option (B) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.    

      Introduction   In reading comprehension, there is a passage. You have to read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on it.              Practice Exercise           Passage-1   Gir national park lies in the state of Gujarat. It is located in the Junagadh district. it is the home of Asiatic lions. It has an area over 2450 hectares. This beautiful sanctuary offers visitors the best in flora and fauna. In Gir forest, you can view rivers making September, 1965, to protect the lion and its habitat. The goal has been successfully achieved. From less than 200 in 1980, the lion population in Gir has since grown to an estimated 286. The Gir National Park, is located about 59 km from Junagadh via Visavadar.                     In which state does Gir forest lie? (A) Bihar             (B) Assam (C) Gujarat      (D) Madhya Pradesh     Answer: (c) Explanation: Gir forest is in Gujarat. Therefore, option (C) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         Gir forest has an area of ____. (A) 2430 hectares        (B) 2450 hectares (C) 2550 hectares (D) 2420 hectares   Answer: (b) Explanation: Gir forest has an area of 2450 hectares. Therefore, option (B) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         Which one of the following is the home of Asiatic lions? (A) Kanha National Park                                                (B) GirForest (C) Ranthambore National Park                 (D) Kaziranga National Park   Answer: (b) Explanation: Gir forest is the home of Asiatic lions. Therefore, option (B) iscorrect and rest of the options is incorrect.       National Park was set up in the year____. (A) 1965                                                               (B) 1964 (C) 1956                                                                (D) 1966     Answer: (a) Explanation: Gir National Park was set up in the year 1965. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.           Passage - 2   Friends in need are the friends indeed. This proverbis completely true. Friends are the companion of joy and sorrow, ups and downs. But it is very difficult to find such friend. Friendship means love, compassion and feeling of sacrifice. So to be a true friend it is necessary that we should have such feelings. Friendship is the base of life. It is very difficult to exist without friends in this world.                          Who are the true friends? (A) One who helps in need                          (B) more...

      Introduction   In this chapter, you will identify the characters by seeing the picture of the characters. There are different types of characters. These are very popular among all of us. Thus you can identify their names by identifying their pictures. Look at the following characters:              Practice Exercise       Identify the given picture and name it.     (A) Batman                                                         (B) Spiderman (C) Superman                                                    (D) Tom   Answer: (C) Explanation: Given picture is of Batman. Therefore, option (C) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         Identify the given picture and name it.   (A) Batman     (B) Shaktiman (C) Tom    (D) Mowgli   Answer: (d)  Explanation : Given picture is of Spiderman. Therefore, option (D) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.             Identify the given picture and name it.             (A) Batman            (B) Shaktiman (C) Tom   (D) Mowgli   Answer: (a) Explanation : Given picture is of Batman. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         Identify the given picture and name it.   (A) Batman                                                         (B) Spiderman   (C) Superman   (D) Tom     Answer: (b)     Explanation: Given picture is of Spiderman. Therefore, option (B) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.    

        Drawing in Paint brush   Let's see the different parts of a paint brush window:        

• Title bar: It shows the title of the file you are working in.
• Menu bar: It shows different functions you can do in paint brush.
• Horizontal Scroll bar: It is used to move the page sideways.
• Drawing board : It is your workspace. It is like a plain white paper. You make your drawings here.
• Tool bar: It is on the left side of the page. It contains all tools like pencil, brush or eraser, which you need for working.                                      
• Color Palette: It lies below the drawing page from where you can select different colors for your drawings.                                                

You have a toolbox to draw and colour pictures. A toolbox contains various tools that are use drawing and painting. There are 16 tools in the tool box. Given below is the picture of toolbar.                     Let's see what each tool does        Star Tool (Free Form Tool)   It is known as Free Form select. It helps to select irregular area of the drawing.          Rectangle Box Tool (Select Tool)  It is called select tool. It selects portion of the drawing in a rectangle.             Eraser Tool Eraser tool helps to erase a part of the drawing. Select the eraser tool from the too lox and drag the mouse over the surface you want to remove.             Pencil Tool   Pencil tool is like a pencil only. It is used to draw pictures in a free hand line.           Filler Too  The Fill with colour tool is used to fill colour in a drawing. You can select the colour from the colour palette.          Air brush Tool  The Air brush is used to spray color            Brush Tool   The brush is used to paint and draw areas of the picture. You can draw lines of different shapes and size with it.     more...

      How to open a Paint Brush?   Drawing and painting are wonderful activity for kids. Drawing with the help of pencil, sketch pen, wax pencil, etc are very tedious and time consuming job. Now computers provide the option of drawing. Paint brush is the accessories that windows provide to its users.      To open paint brush per form the following:  

• Click Start Button.
•  Select Programs
•  Select Accessories.
•  Now, click Paint. After that, you will see the main screen of paint.  

             Complete the Steps to Start paint brush: 1. ick ________________ button. 2. Select_____________ and then_______. 3.   Click __________. (A) Program, Paint, Accessories and Start. (B) Accessories, Paint, Start and Program. (C) Start, Program, Accessories and Paint. (D) Paint, Accessories, Program and Start.     Answer: (C) Explanation Correct Option: (C) StartProgramAccessories Paint. Incorrect Option: (A) Steps are incorrect. (B) Steps are incorrect. (D) Steps are incorrect.        Paint brush is a wonderful and useful application. Select the correct statements about paint brush:  1. DOS you get Paint application. 2. Paint brush is used for making video. 3. Paint brush is used for drawing. (A) 1 and 2                                                          (B) Only 3 (C) 1 and 3                                                           (D) All of these   Answer: (B) Explanation Correct Option: (B) Only statement 3 is correct. Incorrect Option: (A) Statement 1 and 2 is incorrect. (C) Statement 1 is incorrect but 3 is correct. (D) All the statements are not incorrect.

         Using Computers in Entertainment    

• We can use computers for entertainment as well.
• We can play computer games like cards and chess on the computer.
• We can draw pictures, make greeting cards and do a lot of other funny things on computer.
• We can watch movies and also listen to the music with the help of a computer.

Families can use computers to talk to each other through email, chat or other services of the Internet. Thus, we see that computers significantly influence the lives of people.                    Match the following       A                                                    B 1. Computer game                        i. Chat 2. E-mail                                         ii. Monitor 3. Watch Movies on                      iii. Prince (A) 1, ii; 2, i; 3, iii                                                (B) 1, iii; 2, i; 3, ii (C) 1, i; 2, iii; 3, ii                                                (D) 1, iii, 2, ii, 3, i     Answer: (B) Explanation Correct Option: (B) For entertainment children play games on computer like prince. Email is used for chatting and you can watch movies on computers monitor. Therefore, option (B) is correct. Incorrect Options: (A) Matched incorrectly. (C) Matched incorrectly. (D) Matched incorrectly.          Computers are used for entertainment by all sections of people. You use computer to: 1. Chat with their family members residing abroad. 2. Listen music on the computer. 3. Book cinema tickets. Select the correct use. (A) 1 and 2                                                          (B) 2 and 3 (C) All of these                                                  (D) None of these     Answer: (c) Explanation Correct Option: (C) Computers are used for chatting, listening music, booking tickets and many more. Incorrect Options: (A) Not only 1 and 2 are correct but 3 is also correct. (B) Not only 2 and 3 are correct but 1 is also correct. (D) None of the statements is incorrect.        

• Charles Babbage is known as the 'Father of Computer' as the concept of the computer was first derived by him. He was a British mathematician and inventor.                                                             

     

• Animation: A simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures, or frames. Cartoons on television are one more...

          Using Computers in Space       Computers also play an important role in space technology. Computers are used to send the satellites in the space for research purposes. We also use computers to send spacecrafts to explore the moon and planets.              Robin - with the help of computer we can see the pictures of other planets and gather information about them. Rudolf: Computers cannot give us information about other planets because it is a machine and how can it go their. Read the conversation between Robin and Rudolf and find out who is correct? (A) Rudolf is correct                                        (B) Robin is correct (C) Both are correct                                        (D) Both are incorrect     Answer: (B)                 Explanation Correct Option: (B) Space sector is fully based on computer. With the help of computer you can see pictures of other planets, gather information about them, etc. that's why Robin is correct. Incorrect Options: (A) Rudolf is incorrect. (C) Both are not correct. (D) Both are not incorrect.                                       A computer plays an important role in the space technology. Select the correct use of computer in space. i. A computer does not help in controlling the satellites placed on Moons orbit. ii. You can launch satellites to the space with the help of a computer. iii. For space research computers are not used. (A) i and ii                                                            (B) ii and iii (C) Only ii                                                             (D) All of these     Answer: (C) Explanation Correct Option: (C) With the help of computer you can launch a satellite and control it from work stations. For space research purpose computers are widely used. Incorrect Options: (A) Statement (i) is incorrect where as statement (ii) is correct. (B) Statement (ii) is correct where as statement (iii) is incorrect. (D) All the statements are not correct.

      Using Computers in Defense   In defense, information about the enemies, their weapons, way of attacks, etc. are stored in the computer.             This information helps during war time.

• Now a day's computer also controls missiles which are used for attack.
• Software is used for controlling the flight and targeting in ballistic missiles.
• Software is also used to control access to atomic bombs.        

       In defense sector computers are widely used. Computers are used to Control missiles ii. Provide information about enemies. iii. Give information during war time. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (A) i and ii                                            (B) ii and iii (C) All of these                                                  (D) Only iii     Answer: (C) Explanation Correct Option: (C) In defense computers are used for controlling the missiles, keeping information about enemies, etc. Incorrect Options: (A) Only statements (i) and (ii) are not correct but statement (iii) is also correct. (B) Only statements (ii) and (iii) are not correct but statement (i) is also correct. (D) Only statement (iii) is not correct but statement (ii) and (iii) are also correct.        Given below are the uses of computer in defense. 1. Keep the records of clients 2.  Reserve your tickets 3. Provide information about missiles Identify the correct use. (A) 1and 2                                                           (B) Only 3 (C) 2 and 3                                                           (D) All of these     Answer: (b) Explanation Correct Option: (B) Most of the works in defense sector are done by the computer such as keeping information about different weapons, making plans, etc. Incorrect Options:                                                   (A) 1 and 2 is incorrect. (C) 2 is incorrect use whereas 3 is correct use of computer in defense. (D) All are not correct use of computer in defense.  

       Using Computers in Business   Computer outer plays an important role in the field of business.           The following are the uses of computers in business:

• In offices, computers are used for administrative jobs like typing letters, making invoices and making debit and credit notes.
• Computers are also used to maintain accounts of the company.
• They are also used to maintain the records of employees, their salaries and their attendance,  etc.
• Shops and supermarkets use software to keep track of stocks and calculate the bills.
• Factories are fully automated to run on software by using robots that perform dangerous and repetitive tasks.  

               Which of the following statements is/are correct? i. In offices, computers are used for administrating jobs like who is gossiping, chatting, etc. ii. In business, computers are used for maintaining client accounts. iii. In malls, different types of software are used to keep track of stocks and calculate the bills. (A) i and ii                                            (B) ii and iii (C) i and iii                                           (D) All of these   Answer: (B) Explanation Correct Option:                                                   (B) In business computers are used on large scale. It helps in maintaining client? Accounts, their data, stocks records, etc. Incorrect Options: (A) Statement (i) is incorrect but statement (ii) is correct. (C) Statement (i) is incorrect but statement (iii) is correct. (D) All the statements are not correct.          Select the incorrect statements. 1. In factories robots can be used for doing dangerous tasks. 2. Most of the big companies keep manual records of the employees, their salaries, etc. 3. Invoices are prepared by the computers. (A) 1 and 3                                                          (B) 2 and 3 (C) Only 2                                                            (D) All of these     Answer: (c) Explanation Correct Option: (C) Now a day most of the companies keep computerized records. Incorrect Options: (A) Statements 1 and 3 are correct. (B) Statement 2 is incorrect but statement 3 is correct.              (D) All the statements are not incorrect.  

        Using Computers in Engineering       Engineering is one of the fields where we create new things, and the computer has successfully proven as the best machine to give shape to creative new ideas.

• Textile engineers make designs of cloth, prints, etc.
• Civil engineers design buildings.
• Mechanical engineers make designs of various machines.
• Computers save time in the process of engineering drawing. Engineering designs can be made and changed with the help of computers, which have special programs loaded on them.  

        Match the following:                               A                                                B 1. Civil engineer                                     i. Design machines 2. Textile engineer                                 ii. Design buildings 3. Mechanical engineer                         iii. Design cloths (A) 1, iii; 2, i; 3, ii                                                (B) 1, ii; 2, iii; 3,i (C) 1, i; 2, ii; 3, iii                                (D) 1,ii; 2, i; 3, iii     Answer: (B) Explanation Correct Option: (B) Civil engineers use computers for designing the buildings structure. Textile engineers designs cloths and mechanical engineers designs machines with the help of computers. Incorrect Options: (A) Matched incorrectly. (C) Matched incorrectly. (D) Matched incorrectly.          Select the correct statements about the use of computer in engineering. 1. Computers are not used for designing toys. 2. Computers are only used by engineers. 3. Computers save time in the process of engineering drawing. (A) 2 and 3                                                          (B) 1 and 3 (C) 1 and 2                                                           (D) Only 3     Answer: (D) Explanation Correct Option: (D) Computers are used for designing most of the things such as toys, books, dresses, etc. It is used by doctors, engineers, teachers, bankers, etc. and you can work faster on it. Incorrect Options: (A) Statement 2 is incorrect but statement 3 is correct. (B) Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 3 is correct. (C) Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.