1st Class

                                                                                                      Measurement   Measurement Measurement means determining the size, length, distance, height etc. of objects, place etc. The kilometer, metre, centimeter, inches and foot are the units of distance and length. While kilometer and metre are used for long and average distances, and length, centimeter, inches and foot are used to measure short distances.   What is Length and Breadth? Length is the longer dimension of an object, while breadth is the dimension from side to side. Let's see the picture given below:         Look at the more...

                                                                                Geometrical Shapes   Geometrical Shapes  In this chapter, we will know about the basic geometrical shapes, which we often see around us.   Line A line is a collection of points. The lines may be straight or curved. See the picture of lines given below:

Straight lines

Curved lines

  Angles When two lines meet at a point, an angle is formed. See the following figures:                                                (i)                    (ii)   These are angles.

• Example:

  Which one of the following is not an angle? (a) more...

                                                                                                     Comparison   Comparison of Numbers Comparison enables us to identify what is greater or smaller between two objects and what is greatest and smallest among more than two objects.   Greater Number In greater number, we identify which number is the bigger in comparison to then numbers. Let us see the examples given below:  

• Example:

\[>\] It means that \[\] is greater than \[\], ‘>’ is the sign of 'greater than' or "bigger than' or ‘more than'. \[>\] is read as \[\] is greater than \[\]   Smaller Numbers In smaller number, we have to identify which number is smaller or less than in comparison to the given numbers. See the following examples:  

• Example:

It means  is less than 3 more...

                                                         Means of Transport   There are different means of transport. These are air, water and land transport which includes rail, road and off-road transport. In general, transportation is used for the movement of people, animals, and other things.   Air Transport Air transport is the fastest means of transport.   Land Transport Land transport covers all land-based transportation system that provide for the movement of people, goods and services.   Rail Rail transport is the cheapest and convenience means of transport for passengers and goods.   Road Transport It includes motorcars, motorcycles, buses, trucks, bicycles and pedestrians.   Water Transport Water transport is the process of transport that a watercraft, such as a barge, boat, ship or sailboat, makes over more...

PLANT   FUNDAMENTALS

•                       A plant is a living thing. They need air, water and sunlight to grow.
•                        Plans include all types of big and small trees. Including grasses, shrubs and herbs.
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ANIMAL LIFE     FUNDAMENTALS

•                      There are many kinds of animals around us. Some are big. Some are small. Some of them live in forests, some live with human beings, some fly in air, some swim in water etc.
•                     Wild animals are animals that live more...

Food we Eat     FUNDAMENTALS

•                        All living beings need food gives us energy to do various work. Any nutrition

Substance that people or animals eat or drink is called food. Food is the basic necessity of all of us.

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OUR CLOTHS     FUNDAMENTALS

•                        Clothing is one of our basic needs. Clothes protect us from heat, cold and rain. There are various kinds of clothes available for different climate conditions.

(a) Cotton clothes (b) Woolen clothes (c) Waterproof clothes

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Air, Water and its Resources     FUNDAMENTALS

•                        Air is present everywhere. It is mixture of different gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon - dioxide etc.
•                        Living things need air to breathe.
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 OUR FAMILY AND NEIGHBOURHOOD   FUNDAMENTALS

•                      A mother, father and child or children makes a family. Father and mother are called parent of the child. A family lives together in a house. Family can be big or small.
•                       The member of the family love and care more...