"Poverty is the sum total of a multiplicity of factors that include not just income and calorie intake but also access to land and credit, nutrition, health and longevity, literacy and safe drinking water, sanitation and other infrastructural facilities." In India, it is estimated that about 3 50-400 million are below the poverty line, 75 per cent of them in the rural areas. More than 40 per cent of the population is illiterate with women, tribal and scheduled castes particularly affected. It would be incorrect to say that all poverty reduction programmes have failed. The growth of the middle class (which was virtually non-existent when India became free in August 1947) indicates that economic prosperity has indeed been very impressive in India but the distribution of wealth has been very uneven.  The more...

 "A computer virus is a kind of software that in facts programs, data or dices and can reproduce itself in the same or other form. Despite till preventive measures, the viruses are becoming an order of the day. I 'irises are enemies of computers and destroy whatever is stored in it, innocently, calmly and intelligently." It was Fred Cahen who incidentally coined the expression 'Computer Virus'. The term 'Virus' and 'worm' used in science fiction novels in the early 1970's. Around the same period, researchers at Xerox Corp., created and demonstrated a self replicating code, called viruses. A virus is a program that can modify another program is deemed infected. This can also become an evolved copy of the original virus program. Every program that gets infected may also act as a virus and thus more...

(AVENUES AND OPPORTUNITIES) "Recent advancement in Information Technology have trans-formed every facet of human life and revolutionised the world as never before witnessed in known human history." The world of computers, telecommunication televisions, the internet and all other audio and visual media is facing rapid and radical changes presently. This has generated infinite and unimaginable new opportunities in education, communication, commerce, manufacturing, agriculture, health care, leisure and entertainment and more particularly the service sector.’ Information Technology' comprises computers, telecommunications, television, audio-visual media, development of software etc. Computer is the major segment of Information Technology which has permeated and grasped every sphere of existence of human society and become indispensable. The present day elegance, accuracy, sophistication, efficiency could have been made possible only with the invention of computers. Computer software arc gradually becoming a decisive force in making important more...

"In Indian mythology Forests are not known simply a source of wood or other things but it is worshiped and regarded as 'God of forest'(VAN DEVTA)." Forests that cover nearly one-third of the world's land, are the very important and invaluable gift of nature to the mankind. Since times immemorial forests are regarded as the universal and unending source of many kinds of raw material by the men. From eatables to cooking wood, from clothing to housing facilities, everywhere we are being directly or indirectly benefitted by the forests. About 17 percent of India's land area, approximately 50 million hectares, -were regarded as forest land in the early 1990s. In FY 1987, however, actual forest cover was 64 million hectares. However, because more than 50 percent of this land was barren or brush land, the area more...

"India is the largest child labour force market in the world. The problem in of child labour in India is of colossal proportions. The notion that children are being exploited and forced into labour, while not receiving education crucial to development, concerns many people. India is the largest example plagued by the problem of child labour". Current figures of the number of children engaged in child labour in India are not available. This difficulty is attributed to the fact that the Indian Government" has been negligent in its refusal to collect and analyze current and relevant data regarding the brutal incidence of child labour. As of 1996, official figures continue to be based on 1981 census figures". The 1981 Indian census reports that there were 13.6 million child laborers in India. Indian government extrapolations of 1981 data place more...

The NDA leaders were making tall claims of India shinning and about achieving higher rates of economic growth. According to them, we would soon achieve file rank of developed countries. All    I these claims seem to have no tangent hut based on figures of quarterly growth rates and that too in the year of rebound of agricultural growth after the serious setback suffered by it due to severe drought in the preceding year. Food grains production in the year 2001-2002 was 212 million tones which had declined to only 182.6 million tones i.e. by 13.9 percent in the droughtyearof'2002- 2003. This year, the food grain production is expected to be about the same as in 2001-2002.   Because of this trend the overall economy would record an annual growth of more than 8 percent. However, if we take more...

if NAM came into being with the farsighted vision of Jawaharlal Nehru, Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia and Colonel Abdel Nasser of Egypt in the fifties today presents the miserable spectacle of an aged ethereal struggling to find a way out of the complex political forest. With the end of the Cold War the pious concept of non- alignment seems to have become totally irrelevant and redundant, but by no means eliminated the causes that warranted concerted action by the ever enlarging non-aligned club to fight common problems engulfed their economies . Peace, disarmament and development are still the vital issues that should be tackled with the same sense of urgency as the issues lowing from globalization that leave crucially benefit the already affluent North and create new problems in the economies of the South. But strangely enough, many of the NAM members, preoccupied willi the bitterness more...

"Jobs in India are shrinking at an alarming rate. Privatization and globalization have further aggravated the problem. Instead of generating employment, they have rendered millions of/lands idle. American policies are effective there but not in India where the accursed ones are left to fend for themselves leading to frustration, disappointment, anger and violence ". Unemployment is the mother of countless ills. It is such a poison that pollutes the society, endangers the democratic fabric of the country. We can't expect nobility, honesty and truth from a person who is unable to manage two square meals a day for his family. An unemployed person has no sense of self-respect as he has no sense of security. "Rightly", said by Franklin, "A ploughman on his feet is better than a gentleman on his knees." Estimates of the total number of Indians unemployed or underemployed vary between 70 and 100 million. This figure more...

"Gopal Krishan Gokhale, noted freedom fighter, was one of the first to emphasize the need for mass education. "He devoted a lot of his spare time for the causes of the common man: famine, plague ^p relief measures y local self-government, land reform, and communal harmony.    Gopal Krishna Gokhale was born on May 9, 1866 at Katulk in Ratnagiri Maharashtra, on May 9,1866, Gopal Krishna Gokhale was raised in the home of maternal grandfather. This village was not too far from Tamhanmala, the native lab of his father, Krishna Rao, a fanner by occupation who was forced to work as due to the poor soil of the region. His mother, Vauban, also known as Satyabhan was a simple woman who instilled in her children the values of religion, devotion to one's family and caring for one's fellow men. The economic condition of the fame was so bad that on more...

"The English language in an advanced and flexible one audits leaching should not be discarded altogether. Indian cannot afford to ignore this language ".                  —Dr. Rajendra Prasad India inherited' English from the British who ruled our country for more than two centuries. After independence, there have been a great deal of argumentation in respect to the position of English in free India. The Orthodox view advocated the complete stoppage of use of English in any form. According to them English language is an embodiment of western culture and thus the learning or studying English can endanger our own culture and values. "In my considered opinion English education ill the manner it has given to us, has emasculated the English educated Indians, constrained our intellect and rendered us effeminate'"                               —Mahatma Gandhi It is a bitter fact, that English has created a wide gulf between the few English educated and many uneducated. more...