2nd Class

Plants and Animals Around Us

Plants and Animals Around Us Plants Plants are the living things it can make their own food but cannot move. Plants grow in the soil. They need water, air and sunlight for preparing their food. Classification of Plants on the Basis of Their Length Plants are divided into the following categories: Trees Trees are big plants. They have hard and strong stems. For example, banyan and mango tree.

Banyan tree Mango tree Shrubs Shrubs are small plants. They have many hard branches which grow close to the ground. For example, rose and hibiscus plant.

Rose more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Knowing Our Body

Knowing Our Body Our Body Our body is like a living machine. It consists of organs which can be divided into two (i) External organ (ii) Internal organ External Organs The parts of our body that we can see are called external organs. Some of our external organs are head, arms, legs, ears, and nose. Internal Organs The parts that are inside our body that we cannot see are called internal organs. Examples of internal organs are brain, heart, lungs, stomach, etc. some important internal organs are as follows: Heart: Heart beats. It pumps blood to all parts of the body. Stethoscope is used by doctors to listen to the heart beat.

Heart Brain: It helps us to think and work.

Brain Lungs: more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Water Air and Weather

Water, Air and Weather Air and water are all around us. We cannot see air but can feel it when it is moving. All living beings need air and water to live and grow.

Water animal Water plant Water Water is found in rivers, lakes, oceans, seas, etc. These are called water bodies. More than two third of the earth is covered with water. Most of the water on the earth is salt water. We need fresh water to drink, which is only a very little portion of all the available water on earth. A major portion of fresh water available in the form of glacier ice, at the north more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Clothes and Shelter

Clothes and Shelter We wear clothes to protect ourselves from heat, cold and rain. We wear different types of clothes in different seasons. We wear cotton clothes in summer. We wear woolen clothes in winter. We wear raincoat during rainy season. We wear uniform in school. We wear formal dress when we go to a party or attend any function. Sources of Clothes We obtain clothes from both plants and animals. Clothes obtained from animals We get the following types of clothes from animals: (i) Silk (ii) Wool Silk We get silk from silkworm. Silkworm is a type of insect. They feed on mulberry leaves. Wool Sheep gives us wool. The thick hair that grows on the body of a sheep is collected, then cleaned and made into woolen threads. Wool is used to knit sweaters, caps, shawls, etc. It more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Food

Food All living beings need food. Food gives energy to do various works. We take different food items in our meal. For example, vegetables, fruits, meat, pulses, egg, milk, cereals etc. Sources of Food Some animals are useful to us as they provide many of our food items. A table given below shows some food items and their source. (i) Plants (ii) Animals

Food item obtained from plants

Food item obtained from animals

Vegetables

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Catgeory: 2nd Class

Heavenly Bodies

Heavenly Bodies All heavenly bodies like sun, moon, earth comes in our universe. Our Solar System Our solar system consists of sun, eight planets and their satellites. Sun is at the centre of the solar system and all the eight planets revolve around the sun.

Sun is the biggest and hottest body in our solar system. It is a hot ball of gases. It has its own light.
Mercury - It is the smallest planet which is nearest to the sun.
Venus - is also known as morning and evening star. It is on the second position from the sun.
Earth - We live on this planet and it is on the third position from the sun. It is also known as the blue planet.
Mars - It is more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Ones Tens Hundreds Thousands

Ones, Tens, Hundreds and Thousands Identifying Ones and Tens In any number, first number from the right is called ones and second number from the right is called tens. The place value of digit at tens is obtained by multiplying the number by 10.

Example:

What is the place value of 6 in the number 69? (a) 60 (b) 10 (c) 70 (d) All the above (e) None of these Answer (a) Explanation:\[69=6\times 10\]. Therefore place value of 6 is 60. Identifying Hundreds in a Number For the identification of hundreds in a number, the number should be of three or more digits. To obtain the place value of digit at hundreds place, the digit is multiplied by 100.

Example:

Find the place value of digit 5 more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Addition

Addition Addition of two Numbers Addition is the method by which we can add two or more quantities. Therefore, in an addition two or more numbers are involved. Before knowing the rules of the addition, look at the following. Let us add: 9+5

Therefore, \[9+5=14\] Rules for Addition The following are the rules for the addition of more than one digit numbers. Rule: 1 Start addition with the 1st digit from right, then with 2nd digit from the right and the process goes on. In another words, add ones 1st: then tens: then hundreds and so on. Look at the following addition: \[14+15=?\]

Rule: 2 If addition of one’s gives result in 2 digits, then add the left digit of the result with more...

Catgeory: 2nd Class

Subtraction

Subtraction Subtraction of two Numbers When one quantity is taken away from another, the result is called subtraction or difference.

Example:

\[87-69=18\]

Subtraction of Three Numbers Remember the steps for the subtraction: Step 1: Add the numbers having '-'(minus) sign and write the result with-sign. Step II: Add the numbers having '+' (plus) sign and write the result with + sign. This method is applied when addition and subtraction are given. Simultaneously. Step III: Finally subtract the numbers.

Example:

{45} – {33} – {2} = {10} Trick: Step 1: {33} + {2}

Step II: is not applicable here. Step III: {45} – {35}

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Catgeory: 2nd Class

Multiplication Division

Multiplication and Division Multiplication by Repeated Addition Multiplication is the repeated addition. Multiplication of 5 and 4 is written as\[5\times 4=5+5+5+5+=20\]. Let's understand this through an example: Multiplication of two Numbers The following are the steps for the multiplication of two numbers. For example multiply 12 and 2. Step I: Write down the numbers to be multiplied in columns as shown below: