Current Affairs Essays

Moghal Garden is situated in Rashtrapati Bhawan, New Delhi, It is a garden worth all other gardens of loveliness and beauty. Our nose and eyes are richly feasted by this garden, ft takes away all the worries and cares of life. This garden opens to the public every year in the month of February. Tranquillity and sublimity reign supreme there. Everyone wants to visit this garden.  This year, with my friends, I went to see the Moghal Garden in February. In a very jovial mood we reached there. The day was pleasant and sunny. There was no entry ticket, the gate of Moghal garden was soon in sight. When we entered the garden we felt as if we were in paradise, pollution of any type was unthinkable there. There were stpne footpaths in between grass lawns having green velvet like grass. There were many types of flowers all around. Their fragrant smell was there all around. The different types of  coloured flowers were giving a very good look all around. There were bushes being cut into the shapes of different animals. There were rose flowers of different colours- red, pink, yellow, white and black of enormous size. There we saw Bara Dari. The path to that place was covered by creepers and blossoms. There was a circular tank with multi- coloured fragrant flowers. There was a very grassy plot. In the middle of that there was a fountain having beautiful lotus flowers. They were dancing with the blowing breeze. Now it was evening we left the garden unwillingly.

Ashok was one of the two great emperors of India. He reigned for about 40 years after he became ruler of Magadh in 272 B.C. He was the first king to educate his men and lead them to the path of truth. He was the only military man who gave up warfare. Ashok was the grandson of Chandra Gupta who founded the Maurya Empire. The name of his father was Bindusar. Ashok was brought up in Patliputra, the capital of Magadh. In the name of education he was taught things that would supply learning, culture and wealth, it is said that as a child he was very furious. But after he had sat on the throne, there was a complete change in his nature. About the year 262 B.C. he decided to make an attack on the kingdom of Kalinga now called Orissa. He fought a bloody war. After a great slaughter of men, women and children, he conquered Kalinga and added it to his empire. But he had not the cruel heart of a conqueror. The sight of terrible ruin filled his mind with horror. The sufferings and bloodshed in the war had a great effect on his mind. At that time, he met a great Buddh preacher named Upagupt. The teachings of Upagupt brought about a complete change in his life and character He made  Buddhism the state religion. He made up his mind to establish an empire on love, order and peace. Buddhism made him a lover of all forms of life. He built hospitals for men and animals. He banned animal sacrifice in his great empire.  He sent missionaries to Tibet and China, Burma, Ceylon and Deccan to spread Buddhism. He began to practise the law of piety. He taught people in that law. He himself put on Yellow robe of a monk. He made China,  Tibet Japan, Ceylon and some other countries to follow Buddhism. He made 14 principles of law to make his people happy. He got them written on rocks and pillars throughout the empire. They are known as edicts of Ashok. They taught the people to be truthful, honest, dutiful, non-violent and obedient. Ashok was a man of character. This is clear from the fact that he kept peace in war-loving age. He adopted Buddhism. As a king he was just and kind. He spent his life in the service of people 

I had never got an occasion to travel by air. Therefore when in August last, my father had to go to Delhi from Allahabad by a plane to attend an important meeting there, I requested him to take me with him. And it was a great moment for me when he agreed. My joy knew no bounds. My long awaited dream was to be fulfilled soon. We went in a car from Allahabad to aerodrome in the morning. Our seats had already been reserved. I saw a number of planes at the aerodrome. One plane just came to the ground when we reached. People got down from it in a very short time and the plane was ready for the flight again. We put our luggage in the plane and took our seats. I had seen a plane from a distance and it always looked tiny while flying above in the sky. Hence, I had never thought that it was so big. The plane was standing on wheels. It had two large wings. I was getting impatient because I had to wait for ten minutes more. I was looking here and there in the plane with great curiosity. Finally my waiting period came to be over. Just at 8 o'clock the pilot started the engine. The plane began to run on the ground and soon it rose higher and higher. I was filled with joy as well as fear. Though I had tied myself with the seat belt like other passengers, and there was no chance to fall down, still I developed a fear of falling down. I caught my father's hand to get some courage. My father being habituated of air journeys, was sitting peacefully and told me to be normal. I tried my best to be normal and within a few minutes I got my confidence back. I saw towns, villages, trees and fields passing below. The houses and trees looked very small. The men and animals looked like small dots. It was pleasant to fly over towns and cities like birds. Though it was hot on the land, but it was cool inside the plane. I asked my father some questions about the plane. My father gave short answers. One of the passengers saw my curiosity. He explained everything in detail. I was very happy to know so many new things about the plane. I saw the big city of Kanpur. I caught sight of the clouds of smoke rising from chimneys. We then passed over the towers of Taj Mahal and the Fort of Agra. Our plane did not stop at any place like train. Very soon large buildings come into my sight. I asked my father about that city. I was surprised to know that it was Delhi. I had never expected to reach Delhi so soon. After five minutes our plane began to take round and round and soon it came down on the ground. Thus, I reached Delhi in two hours. We got more...

Vallabhbhi Patel, who is called Indian Bismark, was the architect of modern India. After India got freedom, he became the Deputy Prime Minister of the country. This man of iron will was born on October 31, 1875 at village Karamsad in Kaira district, Gujarat. His father, Javar Bhai was a great soldier. At school he had a brilliant career as a student. He was famous for his fearlessness and boldness. In 1910 he went to England to study bar. He returned home and started  his practice in Ahmedabad district court. His fame and brilliance spread far and wide. He became an eminent lawyer of his time. He was elected as one of the city Municipal Commissioners in 1915. He met Gandhiji at this time. He was very much inspired by Gandhiji's ideas and gave his full co-operation to him during freedom struggle. After 1919 Rowlett Act Agitation Patel became a leader of national fame. He led many such agitations which added to his reputation as a true nationalist. We was sent to prison many times but he didn't move from his determination. He was known as the Iron Man of India all over the country.  Sardar Patel was a wonderful organizer. He played a key role in the integration of India's princely states with the Union. He was a born patriot who made nearly all the movements a success. Working closely with Mahatama Gandhi he had firm belief in Ghandhian technique of non-violence. He tried this technique in Khera district for the first time. Here peasants were compelled to pay the revenue even though the crops failed. This pained the heart of Patel. He took up the cause of peasants and got wonderful success in getting the revenue remitted. He hated the British rule and struggled bravely against it. He was appointed the President of Indian National Congress too. Sardar Patel had a tremendous quality of leadership. He got remarkable success during Bardoli Satyagraha. The epic struggle of Bardoli which constitutes one of the most glorious chapters in the history of India's struggle for freedom. Bardoli, intact was a unique personal triumph for Vallabhbhai. It was in acknowledgment of the efficiency with which he conducted the movement that he was acclaimed as the 'Sardar' the leader a title by which he came to be known to the nation ever since. Sardar Patel had a high minded statesmanship. In 1948 for his valuable services in respect of uniting 23 Princely States of Central India, he was awarded the "Doctor of Laws" degree by the Nagpur, Banaras and Allahabad Universities on November 3, 25, and, respectively. He acted as the Acting Prime Minister of India between October 7 to Novermber 15 during the visit of the Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru to USA, Canada and Britain. In 1950, he attended the Congress Session held at Nasik. He died  on December 15 in the same year at Bombay after a short Illness. In 1991 he was conferred on as 'Bharat Ratna' award posthumously more...

Generally dreams are the results of our thoughts which we have in our mind. The things or ideas that strike our minds which we cannot display in the day appear in form of dream when we sleep. Generally we see dreams when we sleep at night. During the examination days a student dreams of papers and results. Sometime, we dream of those things which have no relation with our profession or day to day matters. Last night, I also saw a dream. It is still fresh in my memory. In the dream I saw that one day I was going to Agra to see the Taj Mahal in the company of my friends. Near the bus stand of Agra I was attracted by some persons selling lottery tickets. Much against .the will of my firm I bought a lottery ticket of Haryana government. I never thought that I would win the lottery. When its result appeared in Nav Bharat Times I was very anxious to see my number. At once I purchased a newspaper. I first of all began to see the series of lottery number. All of a sudden my friend's eyes fell on my number and he told me to see it. My joy knew no bounds when I saw my number and won a lottery of one lakh (lac). I did the necessary formalities and received the amount. I started thinking how to use the amount for the welfare of the public. I did not think it proper to use the whole of the amount for personal Good. I belong to a poor and backward village. There is no primary school so far in this village. So most of the children go without education. They remain illiterate. So first act of public good which I dreamt was to open primary school in my village. I dreamt that the school would remove the illiteracy from the village. They would bless we for doing a generous deed. In my village people are generally poor. Some of them have no Clothes even to cover their bodies. In the dream I made arrangements for the free distribution of blankets and other clothes for all the poor and needy persons. In the dream I also thought to help persons, whom I was thinking of low caste. I thought to spend the rest of the money on myself. Instead  of thinking further. I heard the call from my mother to leave the bed. I awoke at the call of my mother. I found myself that I was laying on the bare cot. No change was there in my poor condition.

Change in life is like spices in food. Change makes life worth- living. The desire of change is human instinct. One fashion today is declared as outdated by another tomorrow. They are always moving. Changing in fashion is a universal process. No race, nationality is a hindrance in its move. Mostly in oriental countries fashions infiltrate from western countries where fashions are born and brought up. The most significant role is played by film industry in changing fashions. Common masses  wears the dresses that actors and actresses wear as they are the models for the people. The change of fashions in dress is very old. It changes from time to time. Sometimes it is body tight fitting fashion. On the other time it is very loose fitting fashion. Sometimes considerable parts of the body are exposed to the viewers and sometimes they are covered with sufficient clothes. Everywhere we can see men and women, boys and girls, babies and children in fashionable dresses. Sometimes it becomes difficult at the first sight to recognize whether it is a boy or a girl due to unisex fashions in dresses. Boys and girls keep harmony between the two so far as fashion f is concerned. Boys keep long hairs, girls have bob hairs or boy cut hair. The girls wear rings in the ear; boys too wear it but only in one ear. Boys and girls feel it a sacred duty to out beat each other in smoking competition especially in universities. In their opinion it their opinion it makes them highly sophisticated and cultured.

The performance of marriages is different in different states. Every religion has its own ways and customs. The marriage is a pious affair.  India is a country full of noise. A marriage ceremony is a noisy affair in our country. Lots of money is spent on this occasion. Preparations for a marriage in India have to be made several days in advance. Very recently, I attended the marriage of my cousin. All the members of our family were invited to the wedding. We got new clothes stitched for this occasion. We reached the house of my cousin three days before the actual ceremony. We found a lot of hustle and bustle in the house. A halwai had been engaged to prepare sweets and other eatables. A day before the marriage, a shamiana was put up in the open space before their house. Chairs and tables were also arranged in the shamiana for the members of the barat. A specially decorated stage was also made in the shamiana. It was made for the jaimala ceremony of the bride and bridegroom. The ',, entire area was beautifully decorated. Electric lights were also lifted. A welcome gate was put up at the entrance of the ' shamiana. The barat came at the appointed time. The bridegroom was riding on a well decorated mare. He was smartly dressed. He had a small boy called 'Sarbala' behind him. The members of the marriage party were also well dressed. Some ladies in | the barat looked very pretty in their gorgeous sarees. A few young men of the barat danced merrily to the tune played by the band. Then the sehra was rearised. It gave an impressive account of the kith and kin of the bridegroom. After that the milni ceremony was gone through then the bride put the jaimala around the neck of the bridegroom.Then the barat was entertained to a rich dinner. After a few hours the actual marriage ceremony was performed. The bride and the bridegroom had to go round the holy fire four times. The bride was dressed in a beautiful saree. The bride and the bridegroom did what the Pandit told them to do. Then came the time for departure of the Doli. It was a very touching scene. The bride was given several gifts as dowry. The relatives of the bride were sad over the departure of the Doli.

Democracy in any country means the rule by elected representatives. It has been defined as the government "of the people, by the people, for the people." Democracy rests on the principle of representation. The people elect their representatives by vote in an election. These representatives attend the legislature and act on behalf of the citizens. If the citizens are not satisfied with their representatives, they may not re-elect them in the next elections. Democracy is said to be a better form of government. It is the government of the people as distinguished from the government of an individual or of a class of people. It makes all the citizens interested in the affairs of the country by sending their representatives in legislatures. Democracy is also a safeguard against revolution. Since people themselves elect the members of government, the need for a revolution does not arise. A democratic government guarantees freedom of thought, action and speech. This  freedom has advantage as it enables the individual to grow freely. Democracy thus offers favorable atmosphere for development of human personality. But democracy has its weaknesses, the greatest of which is that it may be the rule of ignorant. "Nine people out of every ten", says Carlyle, "are fools", and citizens who are not sufficiently intelligent or educated are likely to commit errors of judgment in the casting of votes. The best men may thus fail to get elected. Elections are usually a matter of propaganda. However, the voters in countries like Britain and America have not proved so lacking in judgment as many of the opponents of democracy would have us believe, though it is true that in our own country the people being illiterates rarely give evidence of sound independent judgment. Democracy is wanting in efficiency. For prompt and effective action, unity of action is essential. "One bad general", said Napoleon, "is better than two good ones". In a multitude of minds, much unprofitable discussion takes place whereas unity of control is needed for a vigorous national life. According to Newman, for example, the British Government could not cope with the emergencies created by war as effectively as a dictator can. This criticism, however, is not very convincing because in times of war the British Prime Minister usually wields the powers of a dictator. During World War-11, for example. Sir Winston Churchill faced few real difficulties as a result of the system of democracy in England. A sounder criticism of democracy in times of war would be to say that secrecy in military affairs becomes difficult, if not impossible, and that the opposition usually lowers the moral of people by its loud condemnation of the actions of the cabinet. It was thought that the First World War had made the world safe for democracy, but this forecast proved to be wrong. While democracy worked quite well in France and the English- speaking countries, most other countries swung towards dictatorship. So successful and powerful did their dictatorships become that the days of democracy more...

Mother Teresa's real name was Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhin. She was born in Yugoslavia on 27th August, 1910 of Abanian parents.  hen she was 18 years old she went to Ireland and entered the congregation of Loretto at the institute of Blessed Virgin Mary. Then  she came to India for teaching in the congregation's schoof and convents. She became Principal of St. Augustin's day School for Bengali Girls near Calcutta. After 20 years of teaching she was baptised in 1929 and made Calcutta her home. To serve the down trodden and poor persons living in the slum areas of Calcutta she sat up a missionaries of charity in 1949. In West Bengal, a leper colony called Shanti Nagar was set up under her guidance. She became well-renowned throughout the world with the passing of time. She opened schools, dispensaries, a TB clinic and Nirmal Hriday. In her opinion lack of love and charity was the biggest problem. In 1997 she stepped down from the head of the order due to poor health and Sister Nirmla was the next head of the organization. The angel of mercy left for heavenly abode on September 5,1997 at 9.30 p.m. On the death of the 87 year old Nobel! Laureate the world plunged into mourning. Her funeral took place on September 13, 1997 with full state honours. All National Flags flew half mast on all state buildings. Thus the sacred soul) passed away from the world.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad, a statesman and social worker, was the first President of the Republic of India. He was a great  educationist and a man of world fame. He was an author too. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was born on 3rd December, 1884 at Saran District in Bihar. His educational career was very bright. He stood first in the Entrance Examination of Kolkata University in 1902. He also stood first in M.A. and L.L.B. Examinations. After passing Law he started his practice at Patna High Court. His practice was very roaring and he achieved a great success as a lawyer. He earned a lot by his practice, but he always spent a considerable part of his income on the welfare of people. He was married to Rajbansi Devi, who was also a very simple lady. The atmosphere of the village where he was brought up was very simple. Far away from the crowded cities, in the lap of mother Nature, in peace and purity of life, he passed his childhood. The simple sports, the simple dress, the simple behavior of villagers, the co-existence of Hindus and Muslims, the Ram Lila celebrations every year, the stories of Ramayana and the hymns of God which were recited by his mother all had a pious and lasting effect on his mind. So he remained very simple, peace-loving, religious and believer in Hindu Muslim unity. Dr. Prasad joined Gokhale's Servant of India Society and began to do the work of social service. He started his political career as a social worker. He came under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi since the Champaran Satyagraha of 1918. He came in the light when he took sincere part in Champaran Satyagraha. The ghastly massacre of Jallianwala Bagh at Amritsar on April 13,1919 deeply perturbed Rajendra Babu. Due to his selfless service he was called " Bihar Ka Bapu". He was sent to prison from time to time. He bore punishments happily. He struggled bravely. Throughout his life he followed the principle of 'simple living and high thinking. When India declared a sovereign Republic, he was elected President of it and adored the post for two successive terms. He was the most uncontroversial figure in the Indian politics. Under his president ship the country made all round progress and prosperity. Even in Rashrapati Bhawan he led the life of simple man. He was a true Gandhian, who always followed his high valued principles at every step. In 1962 he was at the age of 78. His health was deteriorating fast and therefore he handed over the charge of president to Sarvapalli Dr. Radhakrishnan and came to Patna to spend the rest of his life peacefully at Sadaquat Ashram the place from where he had started his political life. But Rajendra Babu could not live there for long. On February 28,1963 he breathed his last. His death was a great loss for the nation. People were shocked to hear this sad news. Now he is not among us but his more...