Category : 8th Class
Analogy
Learning Objectives
Analogy
In general, meaning of analogy is similarity. But, in terms of reasoning, the meaning of analogy is logical similarity in two or more things. This similarity may be on the basis of properties, kinds, traits, shapes etc. In the questions based on analogy, a particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to be identified from the alternatives provided. Analogy tools are therefore meant to test one's ability to reason - how far you are able to compare and comprehend the relationship that exists between two objects, things or figures. There are many possibilities in establishing a relationship. Here are some useful points on the basic knowledge required for the test.
Worker and Product
Carpenter: Furniture:: Mason : Wall
Explanation: Carpenter makes Furniture and Mason builds a Wall.
Worker and Tool Relationship
Woodcutter: Axe :: Soldier: Gun
Explanation: Axe is the tool used by a Woodcutter, likewise a Soldier uses Gun to shoot.
Tool and Action
Pen: Write :: Knife: Cut
Explanation: Pen is used for Writing and Knife is used for Cutting.
Worker and Working Place
Farmer: Field :: Doctor: Hospital
Explanation: A Farmer works on a Field while a Doctor works in a Hospital.
Product and Raw Material
Cloth: Fibre :: Petrol : Crude Oil
Explanation: Cloth is made of Fibre and Petrol is extracted from Crude oil.
Quantity and Unit
Length: Metre :: Mass: Kilogram
Explanation: Metre is the unit of Length and Kilogram is the unit of Mass.
Instrument and Measurement
Barometer: Pressure :: Speedometer: Speed
Explanation: Barometer is used to measure Pressure. Speedometer is used to measure
Speed.
Study and Topic
Botany: Plants :: Ornithology: Birds
Explanation: Botany is the study of Plants/ Ornithology is the study of Birds.
Animal and Young Ones
Cat: Kitten :: Dog : Puppy
Explanation: Kitten is the young one of a Cat and Puppy is the young one of a Dog.
Rubber: Latex ::............:............
(a) Paper: Egg
(b) Furniture: Wood
(c) Yarn: Ore
(d) Ore: Seed
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Rubber is made of latex and in the same way Furniture is made of wood. Therefore, option (b) is correct.
(a) Power: Energy
(b) Pressure: Time
(c) Force: Newton
(d) Mass: Meter
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: 'Ampere' is the S.I. unit of 'current’ and in the same way 'newton' is the S.I. unit of 'force'. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
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