Current Affairs 10th Class

*    Cascading Order   While using multiple style sheets you need to arrange these sheets in a well define order. The following characteristics will determine the outcome of CSS:     *  ! important A style that is designated as important will win out over contradictory styles of otherwise equal weight.     * Selector Rules It is a counting game to calculate the specificity of a selector.
  • Counting the number of HTML tag names in the selector.
  • Counting the number of ID attributes in the selector.
  • Counting the number of CLASS attributes in the selector.  
  *  Order of Specification If two rules are the equal weight, the last specified rule wins.     * CSS Grouping CSS grouping allows you to minimize the code. For this you need to group selectors by separating each selector with comma. The following code snippet shows how to group selectors: P1, P2, P3 { color: green; }

*   Class Selector   Class selectors have different classes allowing the same element to have different styles. Basically it is used to specify a style for a group of elements. For example, all elements of class student will be center-aligned: code. Student (text-align: center;)   * ID Selector ID selectors are assigned individually. Basically it is used for specifying single, unique elements. An ID selector is assigned by using the indicator "#" to precede a name. The following code snippet shows how to assigned ID selector: P1 { text-align: center; color green; }

*     Introduction to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)     A style sheet is a set of style rules that tell a browser how to present a document. HTML's STYLE element is the simplest ways of linking these style rules to your HTML documents. These elements are placed in the document HEAD, and it contains the style rules for the page.                                      * CSS Syntax A CSS rule divides into two parts. selector (Declaration1; Declaration2 ;) Or selector (property1: value1; property2: vatue2) Basically selector is the HTML element you want to style and property is the style attribute. The following is the simple example of CSS: My style { Color: green; text-align: center: }       *  CSS Background CSS allows changing background colour of a page. It enables background-colour property that specifies the background colour of an element. The following code snippet shows how to change background: body {background-color: # ff0000;) CSS enables background-image property that allows changing background image of a page. The following code snippet shows how to change background image for a page: body { background-image: uri ('img1.gif');} To repeat the image only horizontally you need to use repeat-x property.   The following code snippet shows how to use repeat-x property: body { background-image: url ('imgl.gif'); background-repeat: repeat-x; }       *  Background property allows following values declaration:     *  Background-Color Allows setting background colour of an element. You can pass the following values:
  • color-rgb
  • color-hex
  • color-name
  • transparent    
  *  Background-Image Allows setting background image for an element. You can pass the following values:
  • inherit
  • none  
    * Background-Repeat Allows setting background image will be repeated. You can pass the following values:
  • repeat
  • repeat-x
  • repeat-y
  • no-repeat
  • inherit  
  *  Background-Attachments Allows making a background image is fixed or scroll. You can pass the following values:
  • scroll
  • fixed
  • inherit  
  *  Background - Position Allows setting starting position of the background image. You can pass the following values:
  • left center
  • left top
  • left bottom
  • Right center
  • Right top
  • Right bottom
  • Center center
  • Center bottom
  • Center top
  • Inherit  
  *   CSS Comments The CSS comment starts with "/*" and ends with "*/". Basically comments are used to explain your code line by line. These comments are useful in future when a new programmer make modification in that code. These comments are ignored by browsers. The following code snippet shows how to use comments: /* this code is used for changing colour*/ Mystyle { color: green; text-align :center; }         Question.jpg        CSS comments are useful in future more...

   
  • Your cousin calls and tells that he/she has sent you a greeting card on the New Year, which you did not receive. Write a letter to the Postmaster complaining about irregular delivery of letters in your areas.
  • You are accompanying a friend of yours who has come to see places in Delhi. It is a cloudy day and suddenly it begins to rain. Both of you get wet. Write a letter to another friend describing your experience on that rainy day.
  • The service of Delhi Metro is becoming worst than the city buses. Overcrowding, irregular halt and irregular services are some of the agendas. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper complaining about the service provided by the Delhi Metro.
  • After passing the Board Examination you took admission in a government college. Write a letter to your friend stating about how you find yourself in the new environment.
  • You stay in a boarding school. Recently, you were sick with fever and stomach ailment. Write a letter to your father about your illness as now you are fine and have recovered from the illness.
  • The pavements in some parts of the city are not well to do. There are manholes on the pavements which are bare and pose a great threat to the pedestrians during night, regarding which the PWD is not all bothered of. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper requesting to take immediate steps to shun the danger.
  • Recently you have undertaken a journey on Bangalore Express from Bangalore to Guwahati. You found the food served inside the train were not at all hygienic and up to the mark, although the price was not compromising. Write a letter to the IRCTC complaining about the served food and that the quality of food should be improved.
  • You visited a nearby government hospital and got to see the poor condition of the wards and treatment procedures. Write a letter to the Health Minister citing your grievances and requesting to improve the hospital condition.
  • Your father has visited the Frankfurt Book Fair recently. After he came back, you asked him about several things that he saw there. Gathering the information, write a letter to your friend about the fair, your father's experience and a few basic facts of Frankfurt.
  • The government has decided to cut off subsidy on diesel, which has resulted to increase a rise in diesel prices and thereby hitting the complete market. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper complaining about such illegal inflations which have become routine practice of the UPA government.
  •           While writing a formal letter
    • Write your full name, address and date before you begin the letter.
    • Address the person you are writing the letter to with correct name and designation.
    • Your letter should be very crisp giving out only that information which is required.
    • You letter more...

    *         Letters   Introduction: Letters can be broadly classified into formal letters and informal letters. Formal letters include business letters, official letters, applications, complaints, letter to editors, and letters written to people whom we want to convey certain important information. While, informal letters include personal letters, letters that are written to our friends and family. Letter writing is a skill that needs to be honed over time with practice.   1.   Recently you have undertaken a journey from New Delhi to Howrah by Poorva Express and experienced serious inconveniences. Write a letter to the Editor of a newspaper stating the inconvenience you experienced.                                                                                                                                                                 90/75, Malviya Nagar                                                                                                                                                                 New Delhi                                                                                                                                                                 14 August, 2011 To The Editor, The Hindustan Times, New Delhi Sir, I travelled recently from New Delhi to Howrah by the Poorva Express on III Tier AC and had faced tremendous inconveniences all throughout the journey. I fail to bring into your account the description of the mess that I experienced. In fact, don't have the language to describe them in sequence. According to the Northern Railways, there was no room for current bookings as all the seats of the train were reserved. However, I found that at least 10 passengers, who had no reservations, were allowed to get into our compartment. Although the TTE came and asked about their tickets, but did not check the tickets actually. I doubt if they are the kith and kins of the TTE. As far as my knowledge is concerned, nobody is entitled to get into an AC compartment without a proper confirmed ticket. I saw hawkers, beggars, shoeshine boys and vendors moving freely in the compartment, much to the discomfort of passengers with reserved accommodation. I fail to understand how the ticket examiners allow all this to happen in a superfast train like Poorva Express. Yours faithfully, Parimal Sen C-24/C R Park New Delhi   2.   The General Manager of a reputed company has shown his gracious presence more...

        Write a paragraph on each the following topics in not more than 250 words. 1.           Your memory of a place that you visited as a child 2.           A character from a book, movie, or television program 3.           A memorable day in your life 4.           A moment of failure or success 5.           An event that marked a turning point in your life' 6.           Your favourite (or least favourite) television programme 7.           The most useful (or useless) invention 8.           Your favourite (or least favourite) fictional character 9.           The different roles of a student 10.         Children's responsibilities towards their parents 11.         A man is known by the company he keeps 12.         Defer not till tomorrow what you can do today 13.         God helps those who helps themselves 14.         A little learning is a dangerous thing 15.         No risk, no gain            
    • Write down the subject to your paragraph.
    • To express your subject, write only a word or phrase.
    • The first sentence of a paragraph should be a topic sentence and should contain the topic and an opinion on the topic.
    • Begin by brainstorming. Brainstorming doesn't involve writing complete sentences or paragraphs. Brainstorming involves coming up with ideas using words or short phrases.      
           
    • Read the word or phrase about the subject of your paragraph repeatedly. You are going to expand this into the first sentence of your paragraph.
    • This first sentence, which comes at the beginning of a paragraph, is called the topic sentence. Remember that its job is to introduce your paragraph.
    • The body of the paragraph involves words or phrases which made in to complete sentences. These sentences explain your topic sentence by offering facts, details, or examples.
    • Remember that the job of your paragraph body is to share an idea with your reader.    
            The three essential parts of a paragraph are:   1.   The Topic Sentence
    • It is normally the first sentence of the paragraph.
    • It conveys the overall point of the paragraph.
    • It helps the writer focus on the idea written about.
    • It helps the reader know about what the paragraph is all about.    
    2.   The Supporting Details
    • They are sentences used to support the main idea stated in the topic sentence.
    • They give more information about the main idea through examples.
    • They say in details what the topic sentence says in general.
    • They should be clear evidence that what the topic sentence says is trustworthy.
    • They should more...

    *  Data validation   MS Access allows checking data validity on data insertion time. You can apply your own validation rule.     * There are two types of data validation Field Level Allows validating data being inserted in an individual field.  
    • Record Level Allows validating data from more than one field.
    • MS Access enables the following validation techniques and methods:  
      * Data Types It is the simplest forms of data validation. Access allows entering data according to data type of field. It does not allow entering incorrect type of data in a field.     * Input Mask Property It is helpful to make data entry easier and to control the values user can enter in a text box.     *  Validation Rule and Text Property Validation rules validate data while adding, modifying or saving data in a field. Validation Text specifying the text of the message that appears if the field, control or record does not satisfy.     * Allow Zero Length Property Allow Zero Length property is used to specify a zero length string (" ") a valid entry in a field. This property applies only to Text, Memo and Hyperlink table field. Some time you require to store a zero length string instead of a Null value while leaving a field blank. In this case you need to set the Allow Zero Length and Required properties to yes.         Question.jpg        MS Access enables various ways to create a table. Which one of the following provides step by step approach to create table? (A) Datasheet                                                    (B) Design view (C) Wizard                                           (D) All of these (E) None of these   Answer: (c) Explanations Correct Option: (C) MS Access enables a table wizard that provides a step - by- step approach to create a table. It guides you through the entire wizard/ and on the basis of your specifications it creates a table. Incorrect Options: Therefore, option (C) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.        MS Access allows data validity on data insertion time. Which one of the following levels allows validating data from more than one field? (A) Field level                                                    (B) Record level (C) Table level                                                   (D) All of these (E) None of these   Answer: (c) Explanatory Correct Option: (C) Field level allows validating data being inserted in an individual field. Incorrect Options: Therefore, option (C) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.        Allow Zero Length property is used to specify a zero length string (" ") a valid entry in a field. This property applies only to........................ (A) Text                                                                (B) Memo (C) Hyperlink                                                      (D) All of these (E) None more...

    *         Paragraph   Introduction: A paragraph is a piece of writing that consists of several sentences. A paragraph should always have complete, correct and concise sentences. As well, it should be easy to read and well organized. The paragraph itself should focus on one subject, theme, or central idea. It can be divided into three major parts: 1.       The Topic Sentence 2.       The Supporting Details 3.       The Concluding Sentence Paragraph writing consists of many necessary elements to be taken into consideration before, while and after writing.           1.    Girl child in India A world of the girl child is full of love, warmth and concern. She is the procreator and the mother of tomorrow. She is the one who shapes the destiny of civilization and imparts values and virtues to the future. This beautiful creation of God has become the gravest concern today. Traditions and rituals are outlining the survival of the girl child in India. Even though the country has made remarkable growth in various fields, it is tragically representing the lowest sex ratio. Not only female feticide and infanticide, a series of other discrepancy, like lack of girl education, lack of nutrition, early marriage and absence of basic necessities are also attached to the gravest concern of humanity. Lack of education holds the girl child to a low standard of living and provides in ability to expose her skills and knowledge. She is deprived of the basic right to education and is unable to realize her potential and develop civic sense. According to Indian law, it is illegal to facilitate marriage of a girl under the age of 18 but hardly the rule is followed. Research done by UNICEF indicated illegal marriage of almost 82 percent of girls. These girls are forced to get married before the age of 18 and the maximum illegal practice of early girl marriage is claimed in Rajasthan. Rural areas of the country witness 15% of girl getting married before 13 and 52% girls getting pregnant between 15 and 19years of age. Despite of various promotional events, Government regulations and the increasing testimony of Indian women, the social evil of ill-treating a girl child is still prevailing in the country.     2.    The impact of global warming Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in earth's average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released by people burning fossil fuels. Throughout its long history, earth has warmed and cooled time and again. Climate has changed when the planet received more or less sunlight due to subtle shifts in its orbit, as the atmosphere or surface changed, or when the sun's energy varied. But in the past century, another force has started to influence earth's climate: humanity. The impact of global warming is far greater than just increasing temperatures. It modifies rainfall patterns, amplifies coastal erosion, melts ice more...

       
  • You are Anjali Banerjee, a reporter with The Asian Age. Write a report on the issue on dated August 2, 2011, where an Italian parliamentary commission approved a draft law banning women from wearing veils that cover their faces in public.
  • Write a report on the approval of the proposal for the enactment of a new legislation in the form of the Lokpal Bill, 2011, by the Union Cabinet of India on 28July, 2011. You are Kartik Mishra working as a reporter with The Hindustan Times.
  • You are Pritam Paul, a reporter with The Pioneer. Write a report where the Supreme Court of India, on 29 June, 2011, has restrained the West Bengal government from distributing to farmers in Singur the land it had taken back from Tata Motors until further orders by (Kolkata) High Court.
  • The Delhi state cabinet on August 2, 2011, approved a draft bill that will make marriage registration mandatory for all newly married couples in the capital. Being a reporter of one of the national daily, write a report on the approved proposal. You are Sakhalin Talwar.
  • In a circular issued on 24 July 2011, telecom unit of the Tata Group - Tata Teleservices announced its decision to combine two divisions offering services based on CDMA and GSM, two rival technologies. Write a report on the decision stating your views. You are Anil Pandey working with The Hindu.
  • India's foreign minister S.M. Krishna and his Pakistani counterpart Hina Rabbani Khar on July 27, 2011, agreed to simplify travel procedures and increase the frequency of bus services for people of the divided Jammu and Kashmir during the visit of latter to India. Write a report on the proposal putting your insight. You are Meeru Naik working with The Telegraph.  
  • Note: Provide a title for each of the reports you write.            
    • A good notice is always to the point and leaves no scope for further enquiries.
    • Write your full name, address and date while writing a notice.
    • A notice should be formal.
    • Always make your message clear and direct. But especially as you write to specific individuals, anticipate what that particular reader will want or need to know about you and your request or your information.
    • In other words, remind your reader of the key contextual details that are necessary for your message to make sense and to get you a quick response
    • A telegram should be precise and strictly limited to words.
    • The address in a telegram must be complete.
    • You should remember that thoughts and ideas must be structured properly and follow the format of report writing.
    • Create an outline before you start to write your paper according to format of report writing.      
           
    • A notice should contain all the necessary details such as: Name of more...

    *         Report Writing       Introduction: A report is a factual description or account of an event or investigation of an issue or a problem. It may also be an objective analysis or evaluation of something. Depending upon its nature, a report can be single paragraph or a single page write-up or of hundreds of thousands of pages of a thorough investigation.   1.       You are Pankaj Patra, a reporter with The Times of India. Recently, the United States has announced to curtail security assistance to Pakistan following the latter's slow response in fighting terrorism. Write a report on the consequence that has urged the US to take this step against Pakistan. The plot thickens Pankaj Patra New Delhi, July 11, 2011: The United States has decided to withhold a third of its annual $2.7 billion security assistance to Islamabad after Pakistan ordered dozens of military trainers to leave Pakistan and limit visas to US personnel following the raid that killed Osama bin Laden in Abbott bad. In large part, Pakistan's response has been that it doesn't care about the aid cutback and that Pakistan is capable of fighting terrorism using indigenous resources and has carried out several successful military operations in the tribal regions without external help. This was certainly the message reiterated by Gen Kayaniat the latest corps commanders' conference. Despite Washington's punitive move to withhold military assistance, the Pakistan Army has announced it will not reverse its crackdown against the American footprint in the country. On its part, Washington is hitting back against what it thinks is a continuing relationship between the Pakistani military and Afghan insurgents and other militant groups. The Obama administration want to tell the American public it will not allow Pakistan to continue with its alleged double game in Afghanistan and with regard to militant jihadists. In Pakistan, the US move to withhold aid will turn public opinion more caustic and delay any large-scale campaign against militants, especially AI-Qaeda targets. It will also hurt Pakistan's economy if Washington holds back on the $300 million of the Support Fund. These reimbursements, for money already spent on military operations, go into the general treasury and withholding them will definitely damage Pakistan's finances at a time when they are already under immense strain.     2.       You are a reporter with The Hindustan Times. Frame a report on the joint population census being conducted by India and Bangladesh across the LOC.   Dhaka and Delhi launch census in enclaves New Delhi, July 15, 2011: Bangladesh and India are conducting a joint population census in pockets of isolated territories within each other's national boundaries to end a long-standing border issue. The census will cover all the 162 enclaves on both sides of the border as a first step toward an agreement over practical ownership of the lands and a land-swap. Bangladesh and India share a border more than 2,500 miles long drawn up by the British when they left the Indian subcontinent more...


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