Number Sense and Numerations
Numbers
Numbers are mathematical symbol by which we express date, time, distance, position, quantity etc.
We use ten symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) to write any number.
Like 62232, 52155, 40034 etc.
Number System
Number system deals with the study of different types of numbers. In this chapter, we will study about the categorization of different types of numbers.
Natural Numbers
Counting starts with 1 and continue till infinite. Counting numbers are called natural numbers.
For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ................ etc.
Whole Numbers
When 0 is included with natural numbers, they are called whole number. In other words "Natural numbers together with zero are called whole numbers."
For example, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ................ etc.
Integers
Integers are the collection of whole numbers and negative of natural numbers.
For example,
\[-5,\text{ }-4,\text{ }-3,\text{ }-2,\text{ }-1,\text{ }0,\text{ }+\text{ }1,\text{ }+\text{ }2,\text{ }+\text{ }3\], \[~+\text{ }4,\text{ }+\text{ }5,\text{ }+\text{ }6,\text{ }+\text{ }7\text{ }...........\] etc.
System of Numeration
Mathematical notation of numbers is called numeration. Let us know about two types of numeration.
(A) Indian system of numeration
(B) International system of numeration
Indian System of Numeration
It is a positional decimal number system. Look at the following place value chart
International System of Numeration This system is applied in whole world. The following place value chart shows the international system of numeration.
Place are value of a digit in a number is the position it occupies according to the place value chart.
Find the place value of 5 in the number 568232.
Solution: 500000
Face value
Face value of a number is the number itself.
Find the face value of 3 in the number 453282.
Solution: 3
Successor
The number which comes just after a number is called successor of that number.
Find the successor of 4444.
Solution: \[4444+1=4447\]
Predecessor
Predecessor of a number just comes before the number.
Find the predecessor of 4444.
Solution: \[44441=4443\]
Roman Numeral
Roman numerals represent the numbers using alphabetical symbols.
The seven alphabetical symbol, which are used in Roman system of numeration, and their values are as follows:
Symbols
I
|
Value
1
|
V
|
5
|
X
|
10
|
L
|
50
|
C
|
100
|
D
|
500
|
M
|
1000
|
Rules for Using
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