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Multicellular Organism
The organisms made up of more than one cell are called multicellular organisms. These organisms have specialised cell structures for performing different types of functions. Multicellular organisms are either unisexual or bisexual. The bisexual organisms are called hermaphrodite, in which both the male and female sex are present.
A living example of the attempts to become multicellular organism is represented by the slime moulds, which are transformed from single cells to multicellular organism under adverse condition. Another example is found among the green alga Volvox and its relatives. The ranges of sizes goes from the single cell Chlamydomonas to the 16-cell Gonium, Eudorina and finally to the largest species of viovox, which may consist of 50000 or more cells. Biologists have thought that new genes would be required for the transition to multicellularity. But a comparison between the genomes of the 2000-cell volvox carten and a single celled chlamydomonas indicates that the biological complexity can arise without major changes in genome content..
Multicellular Organism
All the higher organisms are made up of more than one cell. All the multicellular organisms have specialized organs for the specific functions. But there are some organs in the body of organisms, which are functionless or useless. Name the vestigial organ in the body.
(a) Vermiform Appendix
(b) Hum
(c) Caecum
(d) Taenia
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation
The vestigial organ in the human is vermiform Appendix.
Which organism is transformed from single cellular to multicellular in adverse condition?
(a) Gonium
(b) Edorina
(c) Volvox
(d) Slime moulds
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation
The organism which gets transformed from singular cellular to multicellular is slim moulds..
Animal Cell
The cell organelles in plant cell and animal cell are almost similar. However, there are few organelles, which are present in plant cell; but not found in animal cell and vice versa. For example, plastids and cell wall is present in plant cell, but not in animal cell. On the other hand, centrosomes and lysosome is present in animal cell, but not in plant cell.
Lyosome
It is also called cell vesicles. It is surrounded by a membrane that contains digestive enzymes, which digests the dead cell and destroy the foreign materials within the cell. The digestion of cell nutrient takes place within the lyosomes.
Centrosomes
It plays an important role in reproduction of cells and cell division within the organisms.
Army of a country protects its border from the enemy and from any types of invasion from out side. Similarly, in our body we have the cells that protects our body from harmful materials or digest the dead cell within. Name the cells which perform this function for the cell.
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Centrosomes
(d) SER
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation
The digestive bag of the cell is Lysosomes.
Henery plants some seedlings of same flowering plants in the garden. When the flowers start blooming in those plants, they are of different colours. Henery can not understand the reason for the different colours in flowers. Which cell organelle is responsible for this?
(a) Nucleus
(b) Plastid
(c) Cytoplasm
(d) Cell wall
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation
The different colours, which arises in plants is due to the presence of cell organelle plastids..
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