Category :
9th Class
PEOPLE AS RESOURCE
IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTS
- Human Resource. A way of referring to a country's working people in terms of their existing abilities and skills. It emphasises their ability to contribute to the Gross National Product.
- Investment. The existing stock of physical capital assets such as machinery, buildings, plant and equipment.
- Productivity. The output of goods and services compared to the inputs used. It is a measure of efficiency of factors of production.
- Economic activities. The activities which are remunerated or for which the person performing them is paid money. They add value to the national income.
- Market activities. Those economic activities which involve remuneration to anyone who performs it for pay or profit. It includes production of goods or services including government service.
- Non-market activities. These activities are the production activities for self-consumption. These can be consumption and processing of primary product and own account production of fixed assets.
- GNP. It is the total value of goods and services produced in a year by a country's nationals including the net earnings and profits from capital held abroad.
- Educated unemployed. The expansion of education rendered to produce large number of fresh graduates at a faster rate than jobs created by an underdeveloped country. This has caused a situation called educated unemployed.
- Non-economic activities. The activities for which the person performing it is not paid. Their work is not accounted in the national income of the country.
- Human Capital Formation. When the existing human resource is further developed by becoming more educated and healthy, human capital formation takes place. It adds to the productive power of the country just like the physical capital formation.
- Unemployment. The state in which a person is willing and able to work at prevailing wages but still does not get gainful work.
- Disguised unemployment. The word 'disguised' means concealed or hidden. Disguised unemployment is hidden because men and women are working. This form of unemployment occurs when more people are working on a piece of farm than are actually required.
- Seasonal unemployment. This type of unemployment occurs when people are not able to find employment for some part of the year. It is typical of the agricultural sector due to its seasonal nature.
- Literacy Rate. Percentage of people above a certain age, who can with understanding, both read and write short simple statements in everyday life.
- Infrastructure. The physical framework required to provide different types of services.
- Infant Mortality Rate. The number of deaths of infants per thousand of births in a year.
- Birth Rate. The number of live births in a year per thousand of mid-year population.
- Death Rate. The number of deaths in a year per thousand of mid-year population.
- Sarva Siksha Abhiyan. It is a time bound initiative of the Central Government, in partnership with the states, the local government and the community for achieving goal of universalisation of elementary education. It involves providing elementary education to all children in the age group of six to fourteen years by 2010.
