Current Affairs Economy & Banking

 
 Recently hackers have stolen (illegally withdrawn) Rs .94 crore from Pune’s Cosmos Cooperative Bank via ATMs in 28 countries. It is possibly first of its kind coordinated digital attack on Indian bank. In this cyber heist considered to be originated in Canada, Rs. 78 crore were illegally withdrawn in more than 12,000 ATM transactions in 28 countries. Rs 2.5 crore were made in different places within India with another 2,800 transactions. Moreover, Rs 13.5 crore was transferred to Hong Kong-based entity using the Society for Worldwide Interbank Telecommunications (SWIFT) facility.
  • Modus Operandi of Hackers
The illegal withdrawals were enabled by malware attack which authenticated debit card transactions bypassing the bank’s computerised core banking systecore banking system (CBS),which allows banks to settle cash dispensation requests raised at ATMs. The malware had created proxy switching system, which had bypassed need for validation by CBS of bank. The operation of switching systems involves variety of agencies, including banks, which participate in complex yet lightning fast process of dispensing money from teller machine. This might have been preceded by another cyber-attack, resulting in data theft of hundreds of bank’s debit cards. The information on these debit cards were then have been cloned on to fake cards used in physical withdrawal of cash from ATMs across the world. The illegally withdrawn money has gone out from bank’s corpus and not from individual accounts of the bank’s customers.

 Axis Bank became first bank in the country to introduce Iris Scan Authentication feature for Aadhaar-based transactions through its micro ATM tablets. These micro ATM tablets are Standardisation Testing and Quality Certification (STQC) certified and UIDAI compliant registered devices with completely integrated iris sensors.
  • How it works?
The transaction process through iris scan is very simple. Customer need to select desired service (funds transfer, cash withdrawal) and feed-in their Aadhaar numbers in micro ATM. Next, they have to choose IRIS as desired mode of authentication. Verification will be done by scanning eyes of customers through tablet’s iris sensor camera in 3-5 seconds. The transaction will be completed after biometric details are verified from UIDAI database. Axis Bank is presently running pilot program of iris-based Aadhaar authentication for its customers at eight branches in rural segment largely covering areas of Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh. It is also exploring its application for varied services such as loan processing, insurance, eKYC account opening and others, most likely extending to the semi-urban and urban regions as well.
  • Significance
Iris scan technology is completely contactless and provides up to 98.2% authentication success rate and offers edge over other prevalent biometric modes. It will help to boost bank’s financial inclusion efforts by making Aadhaar authentication process hassle-free and offering easier access to digital banking for consumers especially in rural parts of the country. Micro ATMs completely eliminate requirement of debit cards, passwords, PINs, and user IDs, and empower consumers to avail banking services using only their Aadhaar numbers and biometrics (iris scan or fingerprint scan).

 According to data released by Central Statistics Office (CSO), factory output measured in terms of Index of Industrial Production (IIP) had 7% in June 2018, five-month high. This was on account of higher output in mining, manufacturing and power generation segments. Moreover, CSO also revised IIP upwards for May 2018 at 3.9% from previous estimate of 3.2% estimated earlier. The cumulative IIP growth for period April-June 2018 was 5.2% over corresponding period of previous year. The manufacturing sector in June 2018 grew by 6.9%, as against decline of 0.7% in the year-ago month. Power generation segment grew by 8.5% in June against 2.1% growth year ago. The mining sector output recorded 6.6% growth in June against 0.1% in June 2017.
  • Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
IIP is composite indicator that measures short-term changes in volume of production of basket of industrial products during given period with respect to chosen base period. It is compiled and published monthly by Central Statistical Organization (CSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. Base year: The CSO had revised the base year of the IIP from 2004-05 to 2011-12 in May 2017 to capture structural changes in economy and improves quality and representativeness of indices. The revised IIP (2011-12) reflects changes in industrial sector and also aligns it with base year of other macroeconomic indicators like Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Sector wise items and weightages: IIP covers 407 item groups. Sector wise, the items included falls into 3 categories viz. Manufacturing (405 items), Mining (1 items) & Electricity (1 item). The weights of the three sectors are 77.63%, 14.37%, 7.9% respectively. The revised combined weightage of eight core Industries in the IIP is 40.27%.

 Bajaj Allianz General Insurance has entered into a bancassurance deal with Vijaya Bank. This corporate agency agreement will enable distribution of Bajaj Allianz General Insurance products through the bank’s network of 2,129 branches across the country. Under this strategic tie-up, Bajaj Allianz General Insurance will offer personal lines of insurance products such as health, personal accident, home, motor and travel along with a commercial line of insurance products.
Source- The Moneycontrol

 Axis bank has become the first bank in the country to introduce Iris Scan Authentication feature for Aadhaar -based transactions through its micro ATM tablets. This is being run as a pilot project in 8 branches of rural Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh.
Source- The Livemint

 Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) has launched a new digital platform 'MyDeal' to simplify capital raising process through capital markets by providing real-time access to information such as investors' feedback, profiles, client orders and deal pricing. The platform contains all the information relating to a client's capital markets transaction and is updated on real-time basis. In its pilot phase, MyDeal has raised over USD 25 billion in the first seven months through over 30 transactions globally. 
Source- The Economic Times

 PayPal, a digital payments platform has announced its strategic partnership with and HDFC Bank to offer safer, faster and convenient payment experiences for the bank's cardholders. To initiate incremental digital spend, the HDFC cards will be presented as a payment option during enrollment and subsequent payments, with the ability for consumers to easily open PayPal accounts and set it as their preferred payment method. The partnership will create a number of joint growth opportunities that will advance PayPal and HDFC Bank's shared vision of offering consumers greater choice and flexibility in managing their money. 
Source- Deccan Chronicle

 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) will transfer Rs50,000 crore of its surplus money to the government, the highest since 2015-16, in a partial relief for the latter struggling to replenish public sector banks. The transfer gives the government more elbow room to infuse capital into the banks it owns. In October 2017, the government had said it would infuse Rs2.11 trillion into public sector banks through a mix of recapitalization bonds (Rs1.35 trillion), direct infusion from budgetary allocations (Rs18,000 crore) and market borrowing (Rs58,000 crore). 
Source- The Livemint

 According to recent study released by LIRNEAsia, India has highest gender gap in mobile phone ownership amongst 18 comparable countries and ranks among the lowest in women’s access to Internet. LIRNEAsia is an information and communications technology (ICT) policy think tank that is involved in pro-poor, pro-market research in Asia-Pacific since 2005. The study also included comparative research done by ICT Africa in Africa and DIRSI in Latin America.
Key Highlights of Study
  • Ownership of mobile phones: Only 43% of women in India own mobile phones compared to almost 80% of Indian males mostly because of lack of awareness. This difference is almost half of all other countries in study including Pakistan, Bangladesh and Rwanda. There is substantial urban-rural divide in mobile phone ownership with 71% urban penetration and 55% in rural. India’s urban-rural gap is comparable to that in Nigeria.
  • Internet and social media usage: Women, rural citizens, and those with lower education or income significantly lag behind in internet and social media usage. The gender gap in internet usage is accentuated in rural regions at 52% as compared to 34% in urban areas. India’s 57% gender gap in Internet usage was surpassed only by Bangladesh and Rwanda. Its gender gap in social media usage was even higher with wider divides only in Bangladesh.
  • Information about internet: In India, 64% do not know about internet which is higher percentage than other countries except Pakistan and Bangladesh. 68% of this group was female and 68 % were from rural areas. India’s internet use was at 19% which is lower than that of Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and Cambodia.
  • E-commerce: Awareness of platforms for e-commerce was higher in India compared to Pakistan and Bangladesh. In India, 27% mainly use social media, 16 % for entertainment and 15% for news. Higher percentage of women used social media for marketing and educational content, while men used social media to chat which is significantly more than women.
  • Political views on social media: Indian social media users share their political views at some of highest rates. More than half shared their religion, 26% share their sexual orientation, and 70% shared their mobile number or email address. Women shared information less than men in almost all categories except for political and sexual orientation.
  • Distrust of news: India also has high distrust of news shared on social media and only 29% trust social media news while more than half did not. India also saw higher online harassment than Pakistan, Bangladesh and Cambodia at 19% of users. Much of this was offensive name-calling and in 20% of such cases, it led to reduced use of particular website.

 In the 29th meeting, GST council approves cash incentives to promote Digital transactions. Finance Minister Piyush Goyal announces 20%  Cashback upto Rs 100 for the Digital Transactions done via BHIM, Rupay or USSD mode. The meeting was held in New Delhi. The meeting was chaired by Finance Minister Piyush Goyal. It was focused on the concerns and suggestions of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. In the meeting, it was decided to create a sub-committee headed by MoS Finance Shiv Pratap Shukla for the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector.
Source- DD News


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