Category : 8th Class
Coding - Decoding
Learning Objectives
Introduction
The term Coding-Decoding primarily relates with message sent in secret form which cannot be understood by others easily. Coding, therefore, means rule or method used to hide the actual meaning of a word or group of words and decoding means the methods of finding out the actual message that is disguised in the code.
Coding-Decoding
Coding is done by changing a word or a term or a name or any value into a secret language.
The process of finding the original term or word from the coded form of a word is called decoding.
The questions asked in examinations are generally based on decoding a code on the basis of a given code or generating a code on the basis of a code for another word. Let’s discuss the questions.
Type - I
In this type of question, a code is to be generated for a word or a term on the basis of the code of the given word.
(a) GMGRIEPCA (b) GMGREPCA
(c) BNBQFDOBZ (d) EOETGGNEY
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: The word is coded by only moving the alphabets at odd position two steps forward.
Similarly,
(a) IGBLCW (b) IGCLBW
(c) IBCGLE (d) IGBKCV
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: The word is coded by moving the letters two steps backward.
Similarly,
Commonly Asked Questions
(a) YHMOV (b) OBMVI
(c) VHSOB (d) OHMOV
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The letters of the word are coded by moving three steps backward and three steps forward alternately.
Similarly,
SCIENTIST is coded in a certain language as ICSTNETSI. AMBULANCE will be coded in the same language as:
(a) MBUALNACA (b) BMAALUECN
(c) MAUBALCNE (d) UBMLAECNA
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: The word is divided into three equal sections, and the letters in each section are moved backward.
Similarly,
Type - II
In this type of questions, coding of words is done by writing their letters in reverse order.
If in a certain language KINDLE is coded as ELDN1K, how is EXOTIC coded in that code.
(a) EOXITC (b) EXOTLC
(c) CITOXE (d) DOXITE
(e) CXOTIE
Answer: (c)
Emanation: The letters of the word are written in a reverse order to obtain the code.
If in a certain language FASHION is coded as FOIHSAN, how is PROBLEM coded in that code?
(a) PELBROM (b) PRBOELM
(c) PELBORM (d) RPBOELM
(e) ROBLEMP
Answer; (c)
Explanation: the first and the last letters of the word remain unchanged and the remaining letters are written in a reverse order to obtain the code.
Commonly Asked Questions
(a) NOIETCRID (b) RIDTCENOI
(c) IRDCTIONE (d) NORTECDII
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: The word is divided into groups of three letters each and then the letters in each group are written in a reverse order to obtain the code.
Type - III
In this type of questions, words or a sentence is coded in meaningless words often called as some imaginary language.
In a certain code language, (1) ‘Io ni hie pun' stand for 'he is drinking coke'; (2) 'hoi ful gui pun" stands for 'she is eating food’; and (3) 'ne ful ni Io' stands for for 'drinking coke and food'. Which of the following words is the code for 'he’?
(a) hie (b) lo
(c) pun (d) ni
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
|
Code |
|
Sentence |
1. |
lo ni hie pun |
\[\to \] |
he is drinking coke |
2. |
hol ful gui pun |
\[\to \] |
she is eating food |
3. |
ne ful ni Io |
\[\to \] |
drinking coke and food |
In the 1st and 2nd sentence, the code 'pun' is repeated but the word 'hie' is not. In the 1st and 3rd sentence, the codes 'ni’ and ‘lo’ are repeated. So, the code 'hie' stands for 'he'.
If 'ish Ito inm' stands for 'neat and tidy’; 'upr inm sen' stands for 'small but neat’; 'hsm sen rso' stands for 'good but erratic’; what would 'but’ stand for?
(a) inm (b) sen
(c) upr (d) hsm
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
|
Code |
Sentence |
1. |
ish lto inm |
neat and tidy |
2. |
upr inm sen |
small but neat |
3. |
hsm sen rso |
good but erratic |
In 2nd and 3rd sentences word 'but’ is repeated and so is the cod 'sen’.
Commonly Asked Questions
(a) papa (b) lami
(c) hedi (d) Io
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
|
Code |
Sentence |
1. |
luma papa jano |
he speaks softly |
2. |
papa lo hedi lami |
wind blows softly downhill |
3. |
lo puki luma jano lami sod |
he sings like wind blows whisper |
Code ‘papa’ is repeated in 1st and 2nd sentence but the word ‘downhill’ is not. The other coded words in 2nd sentence ‘lo’ and ‘lami’ are repeated in 3rd sentence, but again the word ‘downhill’ is not. The only code remaining is ‘hedi’ which should mean ‘downhill’.
(a) TFROM (b) FOTRM
(c) FTORM (d) TOMRF
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
Therefore,
F stands for old
O stands for
R stands for gold
T stands for pure
M stands for costly
So, ‘pure old gold is costly’ will be written as ‘TFROM'.
Type - IV
In this type of questions, letters or words are replaced with number to change them into a coded language.
The code for certain letters are indicated in the following words: BRAIN - 12345, DRAIN - 72345. What is the code for 'D’?
(a) 7 (b) 2
(c) 1 (d) 4
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Repeated letters in 'BRAIN' and 'DRAIN' are 'RASN1 and repeated numbers are 2345. Therefore, 7 stands for D.
In a certain code BEAUTY is coded as 835247, DEVIL, as 03916 and ABIDE as 58103. What does '3' stand for?
(a) E (b) D
(c) B (d) A
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: The words are coded as:
B E A U T Y D E V I L A B I D E
8 3 5 2 4 7 0 3 9 1 6 5 8 1 0 3
It is clear that 3 is the code for E.
Commonly Asked Questions
(a) 41425 (b) 5120
(c) 21525 (d) 359
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: The letters of the word are coded by the numbers representing their position in the natural series.
D A Z E \[\to \] letters
4 1 26 5 \[\to \] position of letters in natural series
Similarly, B 0 Y \[\to \] letters
2 15 25 \[\to \] position of letters in natural series
(a) 6 (b) 7
(c) 5 (d) 0
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: The words are coded in the following manner:
JOKER \[\to \] 29750
TRUMP \[\to \] 40183
PROJECT \[\to \] 3092564
Letter 'C’ is present in one word only, i.e. PROJECT, and so is the code 6. All other number codes of this word are repeated in codes for JOKER and TRUMP.
Type - V
This type of questions contain codes which are assigned to the letters or words which are further coded.
If 'engineers' are 'carpenters', 'carpenters' are 'painters', painters are 'cobblers', 'cobblers' are 'authors', 'authors' are 'doctors' 'doctor' are 'jewellers' and 'jewellers' are 'robbers' who cures the sick people?
(a) jewellers (b) painters
(c) cobblers (d) doctors
(e) authors
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Sick people are cured by a 'doctors', and 'doctors' have been coded as 'jewellers'.
If 'light' is called 'morning', 'morning' is called 'dark', 'dark' is called 'night', 'night', is called 'sunshine' and 'sunshine' is called 'duck' when do we sleep?
(a) morning (b) night
(c) dusk (d) dark
(e) sunshine
Answer: (e)
Explanation: We sleep during the 'night' and 'night' is called 'sunshine'.
Commonly Asked Questions
(a) water (b) air
(c) heat (d) fire
(e) gas
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Fishes swim in 'water’ and 'water' is called 'heat'
(a) dog (b) cat
(c) lion (d) rabbit
(e) horse
Answer; (d)
Explanation: Animal that barks is 'dog' and 'dog' is called 'rabbit'.
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