Current Affairs 8th Class

Category : 8th Class

 

Classification

 

Learning Objectives

 

• Classification
• Classification based on letters
• Classification based on words
• Classification based on numbers
• Classification based on general knowledge
• Miscellaneous classification

 

What is classification?

Classification can be defined as a process of grouping various objects on the basis of their common properties. It helps in sorting out an odd thing or object from a group. In I reasoning, the questions asked on classification are generally are of following types:

• Classification based on letters
• Classification based on words
• Classification based on numbers
• Classification based on general knowledge
• Miscellaneous classification

 

Classification based on letters

Such classification is based on letters of English alphabet. So many groups of letters are given in the question in which one group is different from remaining group and hence, the different group will be our answer.

 

Example 1

1. Find the odd man out of the following options.

(a) OPQTU                    (b) TUVYZ        

(c) CD EH I                   (d) HIJ NO

(e) EFGJK

Answer: (d)

Explanation:

(a)        (b)

                 

(c)          (d)

                 

(e)

    

As it is clear that except option is (d), all the other options have a gap of 2 letters between 3rd and 4th letter and the 1st three and last two letters are in consecutive order. While in case of option (d), 1st three letters and last two letters are in consecutive order but there is a gap of 3 letters between 3rd and 4th letter. This is the reason why option (d) separates itself out of the remaining options. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

 

• Example 2

1. Find out the option which does not fit into this group.

(a) TCDBL-LBDCT                    

(b) ZPTGE-EGTPZ

(c) MPGLMA-AMLMPG             

(d) CDPQ-QPDC

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: In this case option (c) is different from others because except (c), in other options, the 2nd part is reverse of the 1st part. Therefore, it is clear that (c) does not fit into the group.

 

Commonly Asked Questions

 

2. Find the odd one out.

(a) E O I                        (b) A I U

(c) E U A                       (d) P Q R

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because it is a group of consonants while options (a), (b) and (c) are groups of vowels.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (d)

 

3. Which of the following does not match with the group?

(a) TPQQPT                  (b) MGRRGM

(c) NCRNCR                   (d) BEFFEB

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because in all other options, the last three letters are the reverse of the 1st three letters.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c).

 

Classification Based on Words

In such type of classification, we have to choose odd one out of the given group of words.

• Example 1

Choose the odd one out of the following.

(a) Rest                                      (b) Test

(c) Best                                      (d) Guest

(e) Nest

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is the correct answer because this is the only word which has 5 letters while the remaining words have 4 letters and hence, options (a), (b), (c) & (e) form a group separating out option (d).

 

• Example 2

Out of the 5 words given below, four have a certain thing common and so they form a group. Find out the word which one is not a part of that group.

(a) Right                        (b) Tree

(c) White                                    (d) Kite

(e) Free

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is the correct answer because this is the only option which has one vowel while the other options have two vowels. Let us see the following presentation:

(a)                   (b)

                            

(c)                 (d)

                            

(e)

 

 

 

Commonly Asked Questions

 

1. Choose the word that does not fit into the group.

(a) Toy                                      (b) Boy

(c) Cry                                       (d) Wise

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only word in the group having Four letters.

Rest of the options is incorrect because, each (a), (b) and (c) has 3 letters and option (e) becomes useless because of the correctness of option (d).

 

2. Which one is the odd one?

(a) CREATE - ETAERC              

(b) TAKE - EKAT

(c) SCHOOL - LOOSCH                        

(d) GREAT - TAERG

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because in options (a), (b) and (d) 2nd part is the reverse of the 1st part and therefore, (a), (b) and (d) separate (c) out of their group.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c).

 

Classification based on numbers

In such type of classification, digits or numbers are given to find out the number/digit that is not a part of the group of remaining numbers.

 

• Example 1

1. Find the odd one out

(a) 4334                                    (b) 3552

(c) 2493                                     (d) 1788                             

(e) 8136                                                                

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct. Because this is an odd number while all the other options are even numbers.

 

• Example 2

Four out of the following numbers have some similarity and hence, they form a group. Find out the number which does not suit in the group.

(a) 58423                                   (b) 55623

(c) 51223                       (d) 57223

(e) 78750

Answer: (e)

Explanation: Option (e) is correct answer as except option (e) all other options start with 5 & end with 3.

 

Commonly Asked Questions

 

1. Find the odd one out.

(a) 422                                      (b) 25

(c) 728                                      (d) 925

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because this is the only option in the given group which is made of two digits.

Rest of the options is incorrect because each (a), (c) and (d) is made of 3 digits and so they form a group while option (e) is useless because of the correctness of option (b).

 

2. Pick the option which does not belong to the group.

(a) 363                                      (b) 321

(c) 355                                      (d) 352

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only option in the group which is an even number.

Rest of the options is incorrect because each (a), (b) and (c) is odd number and option (e) becomes useless because of the correctness of option (d).

 

Classification based on general knowledge

Such classification is done on the basis of our general knowledge. No doubt, that this is a word based classification but without having general knowledge this type of questions cannot be solved.

• Example 1

1. Find the odd one out.

(a) Shimla                      (b) Ranchi

(c) Kolkata                    (d) Jaipur

(e) Uttar Pradesh

Answer: (e)

Explanation: Option (e) is the correct answer because Uttar Pradesh is an Indian State while all other options are capitals of Indian states. Shimla is the capital of Himachal Pradesh; Ranchi is the capital of Jharkhand; Kolkata is the capital of West Bengal and Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan. In case of Uttar Pradesh, we can say it is an Indian state and it has its capital in Lucknow.

 

• Example 2

2. Which of the following animals does not fit into the group formed by remaining four animals?

(a) Cow                                     (b) Panther

(c) Horse                                    (d) Whale

(e) Wolf

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is the correct as this is the only animal out of given options which is a water animal. All other options are land animals.

 

Commonly Asked Questions

 

1. Select the odd one.

(a) Apple                       (b) Potato

(c) Cauliflower               (d) Brinjal

(e) None of these                                                    

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because this is the only fruit in a group of vegetables.                                                                

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (a).       

 

2. Which of the following does not belong to the group?

(a) Washington               (b) Chandigarh                      

(c) Lucknow                               (d) Bhopal                          

(e) Jamshedpur                                                        

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because this is the only American city in a group of Indian cities.

Rest of the options is incorrect because each (b), (c), (d) and (e) is an Indian city.

 

Miscellaneous Classification

In this type of classification, questions can be asked on any particular property other than the properties mentioned above.

 

• Example 1

1. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to the group?

(a) Ginger                      (b) Potato

(c) Turmeric                  (d) Carrot

(e) Tomato

Answer: (e)

Explanation: Except tomato all others are either modified roots or modified stems.

 

• Example 2

2. Find the odd one.

(a) Pear                                     (b) Grapes

(c) Jasmine                    (d) Apple

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) s correct because this is the only flower in a group of fruits.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c).

 

• Example 3

3. Four of the following five pairs of alphabets and numerals have same relationship between their elements as in the case of the pair PROBLEM: 2948375 and hence form a group. Which one does not belong to the group?

(a) BORE: 8497              (b) MOEP: 5972

(c) LBOR: 3849              (d) OMEP: 4572

(e) EROL: 7943

Answer: (b)

Explanation: PROBLEM: 2948375. Therefore, MOEP would be coded as 5472.

Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

 

 

• Example 4

4. Choose the one out of the following numbers which does not belong to the group.

(a) 819                          (b) 369

(c) 279                          (d) 159

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Digit at the second place is the difference of first and third digits.

 

Commonly Asked Questions

 

1. Four out of the five words given as alternatives are related to the word given in the question in the same way. Find the odd man out.

FRIENDSHIP

(a) FRIEND                    (b) SHIP

(c) FRESH                     (d) DRIP

(e) FISH

Answer: (d)

Explanation: In all the word except (d), letters have been selected in the forward directions. So, option (d) is our correct answer.

 

2. Find the odd one out.

(a) DEHG                      (b) RSVU

(c) XYBA                                   (d) LMQP

(e) JKNM

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Method used for the classification is placement of alphabets in the order (+1, +3, -1). Option (d) LMQP does not follow the method. Hence, it is the odd one out.

 

3. In the following question, four out of five alternatives contain letters of the alphabet placed in a particular form. Find the one that does not belong to the group.

(a) J30T                        (b) D22R

(c) H26R                                    (d) A28Z

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: In all other groups of words numeric component in between the first and second letters is the sum of positions of letters that they occupy in the alphabet.

 

4. Find out one that does not belong to the group.

(a) E29Y                        (b) H20L

(c) N31Q                                   (d) B25W

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: In all other groups of words numeric component in between the first and second letters is the sum of positions of letters that they occupy in the alphabet.

 

 

 

5. In the following options................. is the odd one.

(a) LMC                        (b) IEA

(c) STX                                     (d) PQR

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because this is the only option made of vowels in a group of options made of consonants.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (b).

 

6. See the following options and find the odd one.

(a) Night                        (b) Light

(c) Sight                         (d) Fortune

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only word of 7 letters in a group of words made of 5 letters.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (d).

 

7. Which one of the following options is different from others?

(a) 127                          (b) 227

(c) 327                          (d) 155

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only option which ends with 5 while all others end with 7.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (d).

 

8. Take the odd one out.

(a) F E A                       (b) Q P L

(c) J I F                                     (d) X W S

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Let us see:

(a)            (b)

                

(c)             (d)

                 

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c).

 

1. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to the group?

(a) Pencil                      (b) Toy

(c) Pen                                      (d) Scale

(e) Protector

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Except toy all other items are stationery.

 

Summary

 

• Classification means taking out different item from a particular group.
• To solve problems on word based classification, one should develop strong vocabulary.
• To solve classification problems based on reasoning one must have good general awareness.
• Problems on classification is also based on digits and numbers.