9th Class Mental Ability Analogy 372 Analogy

Analogy

Category : 9th Class

ANALOGY

Learning Objectives

Introduction
Types of Problems

Introduction

The word ANALOGY has been derived from two words-‘ANA’ means ‘Relation’ and ‘LOGUS’ means ‘Study’. The ‘ANALOGY’ literally means:

(i) A similar feature, condition, state etc. shared by two things that are compared.

(ii) A process of reasoning based on similar feature of two things. Thus analogy means “similar feature”, a ‘common feature’ or ‘correspondence’. The analogy test mainly concentrates on relationship, which may be between various elements, things, terms phenomenon etc.

To Solve the Problems on Analogy you may follow the Following Steps:

Step 1: Eliminate choices that represent relations that do not match the relationship between the words.

Step 2: Eliminate choices that have vague relationship. Remember the original relationship will always be clear.

Step 3: Eliminate words pairs that express the same relationship as the given pair, but appear in the opposite word order.

Step 4: If you can’t determine the relationship between two words, try reading them backward.

Example:

(i) Judge : Court :: Peon : Office

Explanation:

A “Judge” works in a ‘Court’ and in the same way a ‘Peon’ works in a ‘Office’, in other words, court (place to give judicial judgment) is a working place for a Judge and in the same way office (place where peon is required for doing petty works) is a working place for a peon.

1^st pair - Judge: Court (person and working place relationship).

2^nd pair - Peon: Office (person and working place relationship).

Clearly, both pairs show similar relationship in a logical way. Hence, both pairs are analogous and it is said that both pairs exhibit analogy.

(ii) Excess : Shortage :: Straight : Crooked

Explanation:

1^st pair - Excess: Shortage (opposite relationship)

2^nd pair - Straight: Crooked (opposite relationship)

Clearly, both pairs show similar relationship (opposite relationship). Hence, both pairs exhibit analogy.

Types of Problems

Problems Based on Synonymous Relationship

In such problems, the words given in one pair have same meaning and the same relationship is found in another pair of words.

Example 1

Generous : Kind :: Frank : Candid

Explanation:

1^st pair – Generous: Kind (Synonymous relationship).

2^nd pair – Frank: Candid (Synonymous relationship).

Example 2

Commence : Begin :: Ordinary : Common

Explanation:

1^st pair – Commence: Begin (Synonymous relationship).

2^nd pair – Ordinary: Common (Synonymous relationship).

Commonly Asked Questions

Select the pair which is related in the same way as the pair of words given in the question.

Absurd : Silly :: ______ : ______

(a) Fertile: Barren (b) Amend: Improve

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because ‘Absurd’ and ‘Silly’ are synonymous words.

In the same manner ‘Amend’ and ‘Improve’ are synonymous words.

Rest of the options is incorrect because words in option (A), (C) and (D) have opposite meanings and option (E) is useless because of the correctness of option (B).

‘Jaded’ is related to ‘Tired’ in the same way as ‘Infringe’ is related to.............

(a) Misguide (b) Active

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘Jaded’ and ‘Tired’ have same meaning.

Similarly, ‘Infringe’ and ‘Violate’ have same meaning.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D)

Problems Based on Opposite Relationship

In such problems, the pair of words given in the question are opposite to each other in meaning.

Similarly, the pair of words in the answer must be opposite in meaning.

Urban : Rural :: Persuade : Dissuade

Example 1

Explanation:

‘Urban’ is opposite to ‘Rural’ and in the same way ‘Persuade’ is opposite to ‘Dissuade’.

Hence, both pairs exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Famous : Notorious :: Explicit: Implicit

Explanation:

‘Famous’ and ‘Notorious’ are opposite in meaning. Similarly, ‘Explicit’ and ‘Implicit’ are opposite words.

Commonly Asked Questions

‘Concord’ is related to ‘Discord’ in the same way as ‘Debtor’ is related to ….

(a) Reader (b) Professor

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because ‘Concord’ and ‘Discord’ are antonyms

Similarly, ‘Debtor’ and ‘Creditor’ are antonyms.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

‘Brutality’ and ‘Humanity’ have certain relationship. Find which of the following pairs keep the same relationship.

(a) Repress and Encourage

(b) Secret and Hidden

(d) Lucid and Clear

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Brutality’ and ‘Humanity’ are opposite in meaning and similarly, ‘Repress’ and ‘Encourage’ have opposite relationship.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

Problems Based on Cause and Effect Relationship

In such type of problems, the one word of a pair is an action and another word is the effect of that particular action.

Example 1

Exercise : Fitness :: Bathing : Freshness

Explanation:

By ‘Exercise’ (action), you get Fitness’ (effect). In the same way by ‘Bathing’ (action), you get ‘Freshness’ (effect).

Example 2

Fast : Hunger :: Medicine : Cure

Explanation:

‘Fast’ is the cause of ‘Hunger’ (effect) and in the same way ‘Medicine’ is the cause of ‘Cure’. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Pick the pair which is related in the same way as the words given in the question.

Affection : Togetherness ::_______:______

(a) Despise: Separation (b) Close: Far

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Affection’ is the cause of ‘Togetherness’ (effect). Similarly, ‘Despise’ is the cause of ‘Separation’ (effect).

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

‘Addition’ and ‘Increase’ have same relationship as ‘Concentration’ and ________ have.

(a) Corruption (b) Perfection

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because ‘addition’ is the cause of ‘Increase’ (effect) & similarly, ‘Concentration’ is the cause of 'Perfection' (effect).

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

Problems Based on Gender Relationship

In such problems, a pair of words exhibit male and female relationship and same relationship is established by another pair of words.

Example 1

God : Godess :: Lad : Lady

Explanation:

A ‘God’ is a male god and a ‘Godess’ is a female god. Similarly, an ‘Lad’ is a young man and an ‘Lady’ is a young woman. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Tiger : Tigeress :: Sheep : Ewe

Explanation:

‘Tiger’ is a male while a ‘Tigeress’ is a female tiger. Similarly, a ‘Sheep’ is a male animal while a ‘Ewe’ is a female sheep. Hence, both pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

‘Mother’ is related to ‘Father’ in the way as ‘Daughter’ is to…..

(a) Brother (b) Son

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because a ‘Mother’ is the female parent and a ‘Father’ is the male parent. Similarly, a ‘Daughter’ is a female child while a ‘Son’ is a male child. Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B)…

If ‘Boar’ is related to ‘Sow’ then, ‘Jakass’ is related to which one of the following options?

(a) Tom (b) Vixen

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because a ‘Boar’ is a male pig while ‘Sow’ is a female pig. In the same way ‘Jakass’ is a male ass while ‘Jenny’ is a female ass.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Animals/Birds and Sound Relationship

In such problems, one word of a pair of words is an animal and another word is the sound of that animal. The same relationship is presented by the pair of words in the answer.

Example 1

Flies : Buzz :: Hens : Cackle

Explanation:

‘Buzz’ is the sound of ‘Flies’ and in the same way ‘Cackle’ is the sound of ‘Hens’. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Pig : Grunt:: Ducks : Quack

Explanation:

‘Grunt’ is the sound of ‘Pig’ and in the same way ‘Quack’ Is the sound of ‘Ducks’. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

‘Oxen’ is related to ‘Low’ in the same way as ______ is related to ‘Apes’. (Fill in the blank)

(a) Gibber (b) Howne

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘low’ is the sound of ‘Oxen’. In the same way ‘Gibber’ is the sound of ‘Apes’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

Select the answer pair which is related in the same way as the words in the pair given below.

Monkeys: Chatter

(a) Dogs: Grunt (b) Jackals: Squeak

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘Chatter’ is the sound of ‘Monkeys’ and similarly ‘Squeak’ is the sound of ‘Mice’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Animals and their off springs

In such problems, one word of a pair of words is an animal and another word is the offspring (young one) of that animal. The same relation is presented by the pair of words in the answer.

Example 1

Joey : Kangaroo :: Pig : Piglet

Explanation:

A ‘Joey’ is the young one of a ‘Kangaroo’ and in the same way a ‘Piglet’ is the young one of a ‘Pig’. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Zebra : Foal:: Eagle : Eaglet

Explanation:

A ‘Foal’ is the young one of a ‘Zebra’ and in the same way a ‘Eaglet’ is the young one of a ‘Eagle’. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

Which one of the following options has the similar relationship as ‘Buffalo’ and ‘Calf’ have?

(a) Swan and Colt (b) Swan and Cub

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because a ‘Calf’ is the young one of a ‘Buffalo’ and similarly a ‘Cygnet’ is the young one of a ‘Swan’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

If ‘Goose’ is related to ‘Gosling’ then which one of the following is to ‘Tilly’?

(a) Fox (b) Tiger

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because a ‘Gosling’ is the young one of a ‘Goose’ and in the same way a ‘Tilly’ is the young one of a ‘Mare’ (female horse),

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

Problems Based on Individual and Group Relationship

In such problems, one word of a pair of words is an individual and the another word’s the group of that particular individual. The same relationship is presented by the pair of words given in the answer.

Example 1

Bouquet : Flowers :: Flight: Birds

Explanation:

‘Bouquet’ is a collection of ‘Flowers’ and in the same way a ‘Flight’ is a group of ‘Bird’.

Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Heap : Stones :: Herd : Deer

Explanation:

A ‘Heap’ is a collection of ‘Stones’ and in the same way ‘Herd’ is the group of ‘Dears’ Hence both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

Choose the pair of words which is related in the same way as the words in the pair ‘Gang’: ‘Labourers’.

(a) Fleet : People (b) Board : Lion

(e) None of these

Answer (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because a ‘Gang’ is a group of ‘Labourers’ and in the same way a ‘Pack’ is a group of ‘Hounds’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

‘Sailors’ and ‘Crew’ have same relation as ______ and ‘Cliffs’ have.

(a) Bevy (b) Flock

(e) None of these

Answer (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘Crew’ is a group of ‘Sailors’ and in the same way a ‘Range’ is a group of ‘Cliffs’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Individual and Dwelling Place

Under such questions, a pair of words presents a relationship between individual and the dwelling place (living place) of that particular individual. The same relationship has to be discovered from answer choices of word pairs.

Example 1

Nun : Convent :: Soldiers : Camp

Explanation:

‘Convent’ is the home of ‘Nun’ and in the same way ‘Camp’ is the living place of ‘Soldiers’.

Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Fish : Aquarium :: Mares : Stable

Explanation:

‘Aquarium’ is the home of 'Fish' and in the same way 'Stable' is the home of 'Mares'.

Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

‘Tiger’ is related to ‘Lair’ in the same way as ‘Monkey’ is related to ____. (Fill in the blank)

(a) Tree (b) Sty

(e) None of these

Answer (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Lair’ is the home of ‘Tigers’ and in the same way ‘Tree’ is the home of ‘Monkeys’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

What comes in place of the question mark (?)?

Asylum : ? :: Convict: Prison

(a) Monastry (b) Lunatic

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because ‘Prison’ is the home of ‘Convicts’ and in the same way ‘Asylum’ is the home of a ‘Lunatic’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

Problems Based on Worker and Working Place Relationship

In such problems, one word is a worker and another word is the working place of that particular worker. The same relationship is presented by the pair of words in the answer.

Example 1

Sea : Fisherman :: Stage : Performer

Explanation:

‘Sea’ is the working place for a ‘Fisherman’ and a ‘Stage’ is the working place for a ‘Performer’. Hence, both pairs

of given words exhibit analogy,

Example 2

Coolie : Platform : Manager : Factory

Explanation:

A ‘Coolie’ works at the ‘Platform’ and similarly a ‘Manager’ works in a ‘Factory’. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

Find the suitable word to replace the question mark (?).

Warrior : Battlefield : : ? : Bus

(a) Conductor (b) Doctor

(e) None of these

Answer (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Battlefield’ is the working place for a ‘Warrior’ and similarly a ‘Conductor’ works in a ‘Bus’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

If ‘Chef’ is related to ‘Kitchen’, then 'Model' is related to which of the following?

(a) Ground (b) Ramp

(e) None of these

Answer (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because ‘Kitchen’ is the working place for a ‘Chef’ and in the same way the working place for a ‘Model’ is ‘Ramp’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

Problems Based on Worker and Product Relationship

Such problems present one word as worker and another word as product produced by that particular worker. The same relationship is shown by the pair of words in the answer.

Example 1

Publisher : Books :: Confectioner: Sweetmeats

Explanation:

A ‘Book’ is published (produced) by a ‘Publisher’ and in the same way ‘Sweetmeats’ are made (produced) by a ‘Confectioner’. Hence, both pairs of given words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Website: Web designer :: Novel: Novelist

Explanation:

A ‘Website’ is created by a ‘Web designer’ and similarly a ‘Novel’ is written by a ‘Novelist’.

Hence, the two pairs of words exhibit analogy.

If ‘Carpenter’ is related to ‘Chair’ then which one of the following options is related to ‘Dance’?

(a) Actor (b) Direction

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because ‘Chair’ is made by a ‘Carpenter’ and in the same way ‘Dance’ is choreographed by a ‘Choreographer’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

What will come in place of the question mark?

Author : Book :: Bust :?

(a) Builder (b) Weaver

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because a 'Book' is written (produced) by an

‘Author’ and similarly a ‘Bust’ is made (produced) by a ‘Sculptor’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Worker and Tool Relationship

Such problems are based on workers and their working tools. Therefore, in the given pair of words, one word represents a worker and the another word is the working tool of that particular worker.

Example 1

Cook : Knife :: Gun : Soldier

Explanation:

A ‘Cook’ cuts vegetable with a ‘Knife’ (working tool for a cook) and in the same way a ‘Soldier’ uses ‘Gun’ (working tool for a Soldier). Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Musicians : Violin :: Conductor: Whistle

Explanation:

A ‘Violin’ is a working tool for ‘Musicians’ and in the same way a ‘Whistle’ is a working tool for a ‘Conductor’. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

What comes in place of the question mark?

Fishing Rod : Fisherman :: Priest : ?

(a) Axe (b) Conch

(e) None of these

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because ‘Fishing Rod’ is a working tool for a

‘Fisherman’. Similarly, ‘Conch’ is a working tool for a ‘Priest’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

If ‘Scissors’ is related to ‘Barber’ then which one of the following is related to 'Doctor'?

(a) Telescope (b) Microscope

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because a ‘Scissors’ is a working tool for a ‘Barber and in the same way a ‘Stethoscope’ is a working tool for a ‘Doctor’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Association Relationship

The items in the given word pair are inter-related in such type of problems. In other words, the

1^st term in the given word pair is associated with the 2nd term in some respect-

Example 1

Painter : Canvas :: Movie : Camera

Explanation:

‘Painter’ and ‘Canvas’ are associated with each other and similarly ‘Movie’ is associated with ‘Camera’. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy,

Example 2

Doctor: Treatment:: Ambulance : Patient

Explanation:

A ‘Doctor’ is associated with ‘Treatment’. Similarly, ‘Ambulance’ is associated with ‘Patient’ as it is used to carry patients. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

If ‘Train’ is related to ‘Journey’ then, a ‘Cinema’ is related to which of the following?

(a) Entertainment (b) Treatment

(e) None of these

Answers (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Train’ is a mode of a ‘Journey’. It means a train is associated with journey. Similarly, a ‘Cinema’ is a source of entertainment, therefore, cinema is associated with ‘Entertainment’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

What comes in place of question mark?

Badminton : Court :: ? : Transportation

(a) Type writer (b) Bus

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because it is clear that 'Badminton' is played at

‘Court’. It means badminton is associated with court. Similarly, ‘Bus’ is a mode of ‘Transportation’. Therefore, it is associated with transportation.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

Problems Based on Finished Product and Raw Material Relationship

In such problems, one of the words in the word pair is the end, finished product and another word is related to the raw material used to produce the end/finished product.

Example 1

Fruit: Jam : : Mustard : Oil

Explanation:

‘Jam’ is made from ‘Fruits’ and in the same way ‘Oil' is made from 'Mustard'. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Sugarcane : Sugar :: Water: Ice

Explanation:

‘Sugar’ is prepared from ‘Sugarcane’ and in the same way ‘Ice’ is made from ‘Water’.

Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

Find the suitable option in place of the question mark.

Milk : Curd :: ? : Mirror

(a) Rubber (b) Cloth

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘Curd’ is prepared from ‘Milk’ and in the same way ‘Mirror’ is made from ‘Glass’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

If ‘Latex’ is related to ‘Rubber’ then ‘Shoes’ is related to which of the following?

(a) Leather (b) Plastic

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Rubber’ is made of ‘Latex’ and in the same way ‘Shoes’ are made of ‘Leather’

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

Problems Based on Sequential Relationship

Such problems are based on sequence. The 1^st word in the given pair of words stands for something and comes just before what the 2^nd word in the pair stands for

Example 1

4432 : 4433 : : 5342 : 5343

Explanation:

‘4432’ comes just before ‘4433’ and similarly ‘5342’ comes just before ‘53431’. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

August: September :: June : July

Explanation:

‘August’ comes just before ‘September’ and similarly ‘tune’ comes just before ‘July’.

Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

‘Yesterday’ is related to ‘Today’ and in the same way ‘Tomorrow’ is related to

(a) Past day (b) Today

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘Yesterday’ comes just before ‘Today’ and similarly, ‘Tomorrow’ will come just before ‘Day after tomorrow’,

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

What comes in place of the question mark?

1441 : 1442 : : 100027 : ?

(a) 001082 (b) 100028

(e) None of these

Answer (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because ‘1442’ comes just after ‘1441’ and in the same way ‘100028’ comes just after ‘100027’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

Problems Based on Utility Relationship

The word pair in such problems consists of words which have the relationship between an article and the purpose for which it is used.

Example 1

Soap : Bathing :: Scissors : Cutting

Explanation:

‘Soap’ is used for ‘Bathing’ and in the same way a ‘Scissors’ is used for ‘Cutting’. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Sewing Machine ; Stitching :: Bed : Sleeping

Explanation:

‘Sewing Machine’ is used for ‘Stitching’ and in the same way a ‘Bed’ is used for ‘Sleeping’.

Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

‘Safety Razor’ is to ‘Shaving’ as ‘Medicine’ is to........

(a) Feeling (b) Killing

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because a ‘Safety Razor’ is used for ‘Shaving’ and in the same way a ‘Medicine’ is used for ‘Healing’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Select the pair of words which is related in the same way as the words given in the question.

Stove : Cooking :: .......... : ..............

(a) Detergent: Washing (b) Rail : Crossing

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Stove’ is used for ‘Cooking’ and similarly, ‘Detergent’ is used for ‘Washing’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

Problems Based on Whole and Part Relationship

In such problems, the word pairs have one word as a thing and the another word as a part of that particular thing.

Example 1

Body : Cartilages :: Computer: CD ROM

Explanation:

‘Cartilages’ are part of ‘Body’ and similarly a ‘CD

ROM’ is a part of a ‘Computer’. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Cover: Book :: Compressor: Refrigerator

Explanation:

‘Cover’ is part of ‘Book’ and in the same way ‘Compressor’ Is a part of ‘Refrigerator’.

Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

What comes in place of the question mark?

Mudguard : Cycle :: Physics : ?

(a) Biology (b) Mathematics

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because ‘Mudguard’ is a part of ‘Cycle’ and in the same way ‘Physics’ is a part of ‘Science’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

‘Gear’ is a part of ‘Car’ and in the same way ‘Star’ is a part of______.

(a) Moon (b) Sun

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘Gear’ is a part of ‘Car’ and similarly, ‘Star’ is a part of ‘Galaxy’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Part and Part Relationship

Such problems present both words in a pair as parts of something.

Example 1

Sleeve : Collar : : Moustache : Palate

Explanation:

‘Sleeve’ and ‘Collar’ are parts of a shirt and in the same way ‘Moustache’ and ‘Palate’ are parts of our body. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Example 2

Platform: Train :: Pastry Board : Oven

Explanation:

‘Platform’ and ‘Trains’ are parts of Railways and similarly ‘Pastry Board’ and ‘Oven’ are parts of kitchen. Hence, the given pairs of words exhibit analogy.

Commonly Asked Questions

What comes in place of the question mark?

Wood : Bark :: ? : Armpit

(a) Navel (b) Novel

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Wood’ and ‘Bark’ are related to a plant and in the same way ‘Armpit’ and ‘Navel’ are related to a human body.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

‘E’ is related to ‘Z’ and in the same way ‘3’ is related to......

(a) Three (b) P

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because ‘E’ and ‘Z’ are both English alphabet and similarly ‘5’ and ‘3’ are parts of digits.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Problems Based on Place Sites and Location Relationship

In such problems, the given pairs of words have one word as place, site and another word as the location of that particular place, site.

Example 1

Gol Gumbaz : Bizapur:: Nishat Bagh : Srinagar

Explanation:

‘Gol Gumbaz’ is located in ‘Bizapur’, Karnataka and in the same way ‘Nishat Bagh’ is located in ‘Srinagar’, Jammu & Kashmir.

Example 2

Oslo : Norway :: Faisalabad : Pakistan

Explanation:

‘Oslo’ is located in ‘Norway’ and in the same way the city of 'Faisalabad' is located in ‘Pakistan’.

Commonly Asked Questions

If ‘Manila’ is related to ‘Philippines’, then ‘Ankara’ is related to which one of the following?

(a) Qatar (b) Somalia

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because ‘Manila’ is a city located In ‘Philippines’ and similarly, ‘Ankara’ is a city located in ‘Turkey’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

A pair of words is given as ‘Jagannath Temple’ ‘Puri’. Find the another pair exhibiting the same analogy.

(a) Rajghat: Chandigarh (b) Rajghat: Hyderabad

(e) None of these

Answer: (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because the pattern of the problem Is based on monument and its city wise location. ‘Jagannath Temple’ is located in the city of

‘Puri’ and in the same way ‘Rajghat’ is located in the city of ‘Delhi’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D)

Miscellaneous Problems

The types of problems discussed so far are the most common and basic forms of analogy. But, point to be noted that patterns of analogy can be endless and therefore, it is not possible to discuss all. This is the reason that students may see some miscellaneous patterns of analogy.

But, this is a fact that if students understand the given patterns properly, they will find it very easy to catch various miscellaneous patterns also.

Example 1

EFJK : KLPQ : : BCGH : HIMN

Explanation:

Example 2

Red-cross : Hospital :: Swastika : Fortune

Explanation:

‘Red-cross’ is symbol of ‘Hospital’ and in the same way ‘Swastika’ is symbol of ‘Fortune’.

Commonly Asked Questions

What comes in place of the question mark?

Rice : Cereal :: Cardamom : ?

(a) Spice (b) Salt

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Rice’ is a ‘Cereal’ and in the same way ‘Cardamom’ is a ‘Spice’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

‘Panther’ is related to ‘Meat’ and in the same way ‘Monkey’ is related to___.

(a) Mutton (b) Fruit

(e) None of these

Answer: (B)

Explanation: Option (B) is correct because ‘Panther’ is a ‘Meat’ eating animal and similarly, ‘Monkey’ is a ‘Fruit’ eating animal.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

Commonly Asked Questions

What comes in place of the question mark?

Pretoria : South Africa :: ? : Bangladesh

(a) Mirpur (b) Qatar

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because ‘Pretoria’ is a city in ‘South Africa’ and in the same way ‘Mirpur’ is a city in ‘Bangladesh’

Rest of the options is incorrect because options (B), (C) and (D) are the names of countries and option (E) is useless because of the correctness of option (A).

Fill in the blank space.

Cautions : Reckless :: Incompetence :

(a) Alert (b) Glut

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation: Option (c) is correct because the 1^st pair shows opposite relationship and therefore, following the same pattern the word opposite to ‘Incompetence’ Is ‘Ability’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (C).

If ‘43216’ is related to ‘43217’ then, ‘98987’ is related to which one of the following?

(a) 98978 (b) 98988

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation: Option (b) is correct because the given problem is based on sequential relationship. ‘43216’ comes just before ‘43217’ and in the same way ‘98987’ comes just before ‘98988’ in the number counting. Hence, (B) is the correct answer choice.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (B).

‘Pragmatic’ is to ‘Practical’ as ‘Precarious’ is to .................

(a) Dangerous (b) Foolish

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation: Option (a) is correct because the problem is based on synonymous relationship. ‘Pragmatic’ and ‘Practical’ are synonymous and similarly, ‘Precarious’ and ‘Dangerous’ are synonymous.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (A).

What comes in the blank?

Goat : Kid :: ............ : Leveret

(a) Leopard (b) Mare

(e) None of these

Answer (d)

Explanation: Option (d) is correct because a ‘Kid’ is the young one of a ‘Goat’ and similarly a ‘Leveret’ is the young one of a ‘Hare’.

Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (D).

Summary

Analogy means similar relationship.
To solve analogy based problems, students must have strong word power.
A student must have good general awareness to solve analogy based problems.
Types of analogy are unlimited.

Analogy may be based on miscellaneous patterns.

9th Class Mental Ability Analogy 372 Analogy

Other Topics

Notes - Analogy