Inferring Information
Category : 9th Class
Introduction
This segment deals with understanding and reasoning using concepts framed in words. It aims at evaluating ability to think constructively, rather than at simple fluency or vocabulary recognition. This kind of reasoning test of intelligence provides an assessment of an individual's ability to think, reason and solve problems in different ways.
Pointing to a photograph of a boy Suresh said, 'He is the son of the only son of my mother.' How is Suresh related to that boy?
(a) Brother
(b) Uncle
(c) Cousin
(d) Father
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: (d)
The boy in the photograph is the only son of the son of Suresh's mother i.e., the son of Suresh. Hence, Suresh is the father of boy.
If A is the brother of B; B is the sister of C; and C is the father of D, how D is related to A?
(a) Brother
(b) Sister
(c) Nephew
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: (d)
If D is Male, the answer is Nephew. If D is Female, the answer Is Niece. As the sex of D is not known, hence, the relation between D and A cannot be determined. Note: Niece - A daughter of one's brother or sister, or of one's brother-in-law or sister-in-law. Nephew - A son of one's brother or sister, or of one's brother-in-law or sister-in-law.
lf A + B means A is the mother of B; A - B means A is the brother B; A % B means A is the father of B and A x B means A is the sister of B, which of the following shows that P is the maternal uncle of Q.
(a) Q - N + M x P
(b) P + S x N - Q
(c) P - M + N x Q
(d) Q - S % P
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: (c)
P - M 
P is the brother of M
M + NM is the mother of N
N x Q N is the sister of Q
Therefore, P is the maternal uncle of Q.
If D is the brother of B, how B is related to C? To answer this question which of the statements is/are necessary?
1. The son of D is the grandson of C.
2 B is the sister of D.
(a) Only 1
(b) only 2
(c) Either 1 or 2
(d) 1 and 2 both are required
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
(d) given D is the brother of B from statement I, we can detect that D is son of d is the grandson of C). from statement 2, we can detect that B is 'Female' (sister of D). Therefore, B ,s daughter of C.
A and B are children of D. Who is the father of A? To answer this q question which of the statements 1 and 2 is necessary?
1. C is the brother of A and the son of E.
2. F is the mother B.
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Either l or 2
(d) 1 and 2 both
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: (b)
A and B are children of D. From statement 1, C is the brother B and son of E. Since, the sex of D and E are not known. Hence, statement 1 is not sufficient to answer the question. From statement 2, F is the mother of B. Hence, F is also the mother of A. Hence, D is the father of A. Thus, statement 2 is sufficient to answer the question.
Which of the following means that K is the mother-in-law of M?
A3P means A is the mother of P
A4P means A is the brother of P
A9P means A is the husband of P
A5P means A is the daughter of P
(a) M9N3K4J
(b) M9N5K3J
(c) K5J9M3N
(d) K3J9N4M
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: (b)
M9N 
M is the husband of N
N5K N is the daughter of K
Hence, M is the son-in-law of K
K3J K is the mother of J
Hence, K is a lady
Hence, K is the mother-in-law of M.
If A + B means A is the brother of B; A - B means A is the sister of B and A x B means A is the father of B. Which of the following means that C is the son of M?
(a) M - N x C + F
(b) F - C+ N x M
(c) N + M - F x C
(d) M x N - C + F
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: (d)
M x N M is the father of N
N - C N is the sister of C
and C + F C is the brother of F.
Hence, M is the father of C or C is the son of M.
Introducing a boy, a girl said, 'He is the son of the daughter of the father of my uncle.' How is the boy related to the girl?
(a) Brother
(b) Nephew
(c) Uncle
(d) Son-in-law
Answer: (a)
Explanation: (a)
The father of the boy's uncle the grandfather of the boy and daughter of the grandfather sister of father.
In each of the questions there are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Statements:
I. Ram's father was ill.
II. Ram brought medicine after consulting the doctor.
(a) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
(b) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
(c) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
(d) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
(e) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Answer: (b)
Explanation: (b)
As Ram's father was ill, he brought medicine on the advice of doctor. Therefore, statement I is the cause while statement 2 is the effect.
Statements:
I. Standard of living among the middle class society is constantly going up since part of few years.
II. Indian Economy is observing remarkable growth.
(a) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
(b) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
(c) Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
(d) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
(e) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Answer: (a)
Explanation: (a)
Since the standard of living among the middle class society is constantly going up so Indian Economy is observing remarkable growth.
Statements:
I. The meteorological department has issued a statement mentioning deficient rainfall during monsoon in many parts of the country.
II. The government has lowered the revised estimated GDP growth from the level of earlier estimates.
(a) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
(b) Statement II is the cause and statement 1 is its effect.
(c) Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
(d) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
(e) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Answer: (d)
Explanation: (d)
Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
Statements:
I. The staff of Airport Authorities called off the strike they were observing in protest against privatization.
II. The staff of Airport Authorities went on strike anticipating a threat to their jobs.
(a) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
(b) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
(c) Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
(d) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
(e) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Answer: (d)
Explanation: (d)
Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
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