7th Class Science Respiration in Organisms

Respiration in Organisms

Synopsis

• Respiration is essential for survival of living organisms. It releases energy from the food.

• Breathing is a part of the process of respiration during which an organism takes in the oxygen rich air and gives out air rich in carbon dioxide.

• Taking in of oxygen is called inspiration or inhalation. Giving out of carbon dioxide is called expiration or exhalation. During inhalation, our lungs expand and then come back to its original position as the air moves out during exhalation.

• Anaerobic respiration is otherwise known as fermentation. Fermentation is a biochemical process in which certain microorganisms like fungi and bacteria oxidise carbohydrates with the evolution of \[C{{O}_{2}}\] and production of ethyl alcohol or lactic acid. Accumulation of lactic acid in muscle cells causes muscle cramps or muscle fatigue.

• Breakdown of glucose into alcohol and carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.

• Breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration

• In plants, the leaves have tiny pores called stomata through which they exchange gases. The roots take in air present in the soil.

Types of Respiration in Animals: