A) oils
B) soaps
C) detergents
D) glycol + acid
Correct Answer: C
Solution :
Fats are esters of higher fatty acids with glycerol, hence on alkaline hydrolysis, they give back glycerol and sodium or potassium salt of acid (this is called soap). \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} C{{H}_{2}}OCOR \\ (fat) \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{\underset{\,\,\,\,\,\,CHOCOR\,+\,3NaOH\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\xrightarrow[{}]{{}}}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}OCOR}}\,}}\,}}\,}}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\] \[\underset{C{{H}_{2}}OH}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{\underset{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,CHOH+\,\underset{(soap)}{\mathop{3\,RCOONa}}\,}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}OH}}\,}}\,}}\,}}\,\]
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