question_answer

Describe any three major political developments that took place in India after the lifting of Emergency in 1977.

Or

Describe any three major events that led to the formal split in the Congress Party in 1969.

Answer:

Three major developments that took place after the emergency are:

(1) Immediately after the emergency, ?Lok Sabha? elections were announced. The 1977 elections turned into a referendum on the experience of the emergency. The opposition fought the election on the slogan of ?SAVE DEMOCRACY? and opposition was the election and coalition government formed for the first time.

(2) The lesson was clear and in elections, congress was defeated badly in Lok Sabha and States. It was public reaction to show that any party which will force their undemocratic functions shall be considered as anti-democratic and cannot run the government. It will be severely punished by voters. In this process of experience of 1975-77, it has ended up by strengthening the foundation of democracy in India by uniting all opposition parties. Hence, one-party dominance (Congress) ended.

(3) The trend of coalition government started first time in India, when all the opposition parties gathered together against Congress. Congress itself divided in parts and syndicate members won the election. Indira Gandhi reputation was so low that she herself lost the election by an unknown person.

Or

Three major events that led to the formal split in Congress party in 1969. These can be summarised in:

(1) The Congress committee led by Mr. K. Kamraj and Mr. Morarji Desai they expelled the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi from the party. She claimed that her group was the real Congress group because after getting support from many of her colleagues (Ministers and MPs) she proved her majority. During that period, President Elections were called when congress nominated Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy and Indira Gandhi?s candidate was V. V. Giri, Indira asked congress MPs and MLAs to use their conscience and vote, and V. V. Giri was elected as President of India. Which was a victory OF Indira Gandhi over rivals.

(2) By November 1969, Congress group led by syndicate emerged and was referred to as Congress (O) and the group of Congress led by Indira Gandhi was referred by Congress (R). These two parties were also described as old congress and new congress.

(3) Indira Gandhi pro-jeered the spur as an ideological divide between socialistic and conservatives between the pro - poor and pro-rich. Indira Gandhi now gave the slogan GARIBI

HATAO, which gained an instant popularity.