question_answer

Describe the three new criteria that have been proposed for new permanent members of the U.N. Security Council.

Or

Describe health epidemics as the new source of threat under the non-traditional sources of threat to security.

Answer:

In view of growing demands for the restructuring of the UN, on 1st January 1997 the UN Secretary General Kofi Annan initiated an enquiry into, how the UN should be reformed? For instance, how should new Security Council members be chosen?

Since then, the following are just some of the criteria which has been proposed for new permanent and non-permanent members of the Security Council. A new member, it has been suggested, should be:

(a) A major economic Power,

(b) A major Military Power,

(c) A substantial contributor to the UN budget,

(d) A big nation in terms of the population,

(e) A nation that respects democracy and human rights,

(f) A country that would make the council more representative of the world?s diversity in terms of geography, economic system and culture.

Clearly, each of these criteria has some validity. Governments saw advantages in some criteria and disadvantages in others depending upon their interests and aspirations. The biggest three criteria?s are analysed now. Countries could see that the criteria were problematic. How big the country?s economic or military power should be? A bigger population is an asset or liability who is trying to play a bigger role in the world.

Or

Non-traditional notions of security go beyond military threat to include of wide range of threat and dangers affecting the conditions of human existence.

In the non - traditional conception the referent is expanded proponents of non-traditional security reply "not just the state but also individuals, communities or indeed all of humankind".

Non-traditional views of security have been called ?human security or global security?.

The idea of global security- emerged in the 1990s in response to the global nature of threat such as global warming, international terrorism and health epidemics like AIDS, bird flu and so on. No country can resolve these problems alone. In some situations one country may have to disproportionately bear the brunt of a global problem such as environmental degradation. E.g., due to global warming, a sea level rise of 1.5 ? 2.0 metres would flood 20°?o of coastal areas and inundate, most of the Maldives.

Since these, problems are global in nature international cooperation is vital, even though it is difficult to achieve it alone.