question_answer

Examine any three factors responsible for the US hegemony in the world politics.

Or

Assess the positive and negative aspects of Indians relations with Bangladesh.

Answer:

The US Hegemony as a Hard Power: The nation of hegemony as military domination is relevant to the current position and role of the US in World politics. The base of US power lies in the superiority of its military power. American military dominance today is both absolute & relative.

The US Hegemony as a Structural Power

1. The second notion of hegemony is very different from the first. It emerges from a particular understanding of the world economy requires a hegemony or dominant power to support its creation and existence.

2. The hegemony must possess both the ability and the desire to establish certain norms for order and exist sustain the global structure.

3. The Hegemony usually does this to its own advantage often to its relative determent as its competitions take advantage of the openness of the world economy without paying the cost of maintaining its openness.

4. Therefore, hegemony in this second sense as economic superiority is reflected by the roles played by the US in providing global public goods.

The U.S. Hegemony as a soft power: The third sense of hegemony is about the capacity to ?manufacture consent?. Here, hegemony implies class ascendancy in the social, political and particularly ideological spheres. Hegemony arises when the dominant class or country can win the consent of dominated classes by persuading the dominated classes in a manner favourable to the ascendancy of the dominant class. This notion of hegemony suggests that a dominant power deploys not only military power but also ideological resources to shape the behaviour of competing and lesser powers.

The predominance of the US in the World today is based not only on its military and economic powers but also its cultural presence. All ideas of the good life and personal success, most of the dreams of individuals and societies across the globe are dreams churned out by practices prevailing in20th Century America. America is the most appealing and in this sense most powerful culture to earth. The attribute is called ?Soft Power?, that is, the ability to persuade rather than forcing.

Or

The Governments or India and Bangladesh have had differences over several issues including the sharing of the Ganga and Brahmaputra river waters. The Indian government has been unhappy with Bangladesh?s denial of illegal immigration to India, its support for anti-Indian Islamic fundamentalist groups. Bangladesh?s refusal to allow Indian troops to move through its territory to norm eastern India, and its decision not to export natural gas  India or allow Myanmar do to so through Bangladesh territory. Bangladeshi governments have felt that me Indian government behaves like a regional bully over the sharing of river waters, encouraging rebellion in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, trying to extract its natural gas and being unfair in trade. The two countries have not succeeded in resolving their boundary dispute. Despite their difference, India and Bangladesh do cooperate on many issues. Economic relations have improved considerably m the last ten years. Bangladesh is a part of India?s Look east policy that wants to link up with South East Asia via Myanmar. On disaster management and environmental issues, the two stares have cooperated regularly. Efforts are on to broaden the areas of cooperation further by identifying common threats and being more sensitive to each author?s needs.