Answer:
India began its relationship with China on a very friendly note. The two countries signed Panchsheel, the five principles of peaceful coexistence in 1954 which was a step in direction of stronger relationship. The China invasion in 1962 marks the turning point in the relationship of the two countries and had affected the domestic and international politics, after two massive invasions, China declared a unilateral ceasefire and its troops withdrew to where they began. This dented the India?s image at home and abroad. India had to approach the America and the British for the military assistance whereas the Soviet Union remained neutral during the conflict. Indeed, India faced a sense of national humiliation. Some of the top army commanders either resigned or were retired, the Defence Minister V. Krishna also had to leave the cabinet. Nehru suffered criticism for the lack of military preparedness.
For the first time a no-confidence motion was passed against his government in Lok sabha, as a result the Congress lost some of the key by - elections to Lok sabha and changed the political mood of the country. The Sino-India conflict affected the opposition as well, the growing rift between the China and Soviet Union created difference within the Communist Party of India which later led to split and marked the formation of communist Party of India (Marxist). The war alerted Indian leadership for the development of isolated and underdeveloped regions of northeast India. The process of its reorganization began soon after the China War.
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