Answer:
A highway is any public road or other public way on land. Major highways are often named and numbered by the governments that typically develop and maintain them. Major modern highways that connect cities in populous developed and developing countries help to enhance the road?s capacity, efficiency, and safety- to various degrees. The characteristics of modern highways of the world are as follows: (i) These are metalled roads that helps to connect distant places. This helps to procure raw materials easily. This promotes agricultural and industrial development. (ii) These roads are more than 80m wide and have several traffic lanes which enhance them to handle increased traffic capacity as compared to city or town streets. These highways reduce travel time and provide opportunities for people to travel for business, trade or pleasure and also provide trade routes for goods. (iii) Bridges, Flyovers, Embankments are common features at high speed. This helps to connect major industrial towns, agricultural centres, markets and ports. Thus it provides enhanced connectivity between rural and urban centres that helps to provide employment opportunities to the people of a nation. Labor employment will rise when highways are being built giving people more jobs and scope for earning a livelihood. (iv) However highways may also result into environmental pollution due to increased vehicular movement and emission of smoke. Low quality roads can result in wear and tear of vehicles and collision and vehicular accidents.
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