A) Fall of electrons from higher orbits to lower orbits
B) Interatomic collisions
C) Inter electron collisions
D) Collisions of conduction electrons with atoms
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
When an electric current flows through a conductor, the conductor becomes hot. This is known as Joules effect. When the ends of a conductor are connected to a battery a potential difference is set up across the conductor. The free electrons in the conductor are accelerated towards the higher potential end of the conductor. However, the speed of the electrons does not increase continuously because they frequently collide on their way with the positive ions of the conductor and are slowed down. Thus, they transfer the electrical energy taken from the battery to the ions of the conductor. Consequently ions vibrate about their mean positions more violently and temperature of conductor rises.
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