A) nitrification
B) denitrification
C) ammonification
D) nitrogen fixation
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Denitrification is the reduction of nitrate to gaseous compounds of nitrogen. Under anaerobic conditions some microorganism use nitrate and other oxidised ions as source of oxygen. Examples-Pseudomonos denitrificans, Thiobacillus denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans etc. Ammonification is release of ammonia from the nitrogenous excretions and proteins of dead bodies of living organisms. Examples-BadHus ramosus, B. mesentericus, Actinomyces. Nitrification is the phenomenon of convers-ion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen. It is performed in two steps, nitrite formation (Nitrosococcus, Nitrosomonas etc.) and nitrate formation (Nitrobacter, Nitrocystis). Nitrogen fixation is the conversion of inert atmospheric nitrogen or denitrogen into utilizable compounds of nitrogen like nitrate, ammonia, amino acid etc.
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