A) Joule-Thomson effect
B) First law of thermodynamics
C) Gibbs-Helmholtz equation
D) Second law of thermodynamics
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
When a gas is allowed to expand in a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure, then change in temperature occurs. This phenomenon is called Joule-Thomson effect. The total energy of universe remains constant although it may undergo transformation from one form to other. This is first law of thermodynamics. According to second law of thermodynamics, all spontaneous processes are thermodynamically irreversible. Gibb's-Helmholtz equation \[\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S\] where\[\Delta G=\] change in free energy \[\Delta H=\] change in enthalpy T = temperature \[\Delta S=\] change in entropy.
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