A) Plastid
B) Plasmid
C) Mitochondria
D) ER
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Plasmids are extra-chromosomal molecules of DNA that replicate independently of the bacterial chromosomes. Plasmids were discovered by Hays and Lederberg (1952). They are normally dosed, circular, super coiled, 22 to 210 kb in size but exceptionally in yeast and few species of bacteria, linear plasmids are present. Plasmids carry genes for fertility or F-factor (induces conjugation), colicinogenic factor or co-factor (produces bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic chemicals) and R-factor (provides resistance to antibiotics like streptomycin, tetracydine, chloramphenicol, sulphonamide etc). Plasmids are used as a vector for cloning and genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology).
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