A) algae and fungi
B) algae and Cycas
C) algae and bacteria
D) Pinus and fungi
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
The term lichen was first given by Theophrastus. Lichen is a symbiotic association of algae and fungi. The fungal component of a lichen is called my cobiont and the algal component is called phycobiont. The fungus provides the structural covering that protects alga from unfavourable conditions, ie, drought, heat etc. It also traps moisture from the atmosphere and anchors the lichens to a substrate. The alga prepares organic food by the process of photosynthesis from carbon dioxide. Sometimes in the presence of cyanobacteria, it fixes atmospheric nitrogen to prepare food. The relationship between the two is that of consortium, symbiosis or mutalism. The phenomenon of controlled parasitism is called helotism.
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