A) continuity of germplasm
B) variation
C) adaptation of acquired traits
D) natural selection
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
Variation is the most important requirement for evolution. It is defined as the difference between closely related organisms occurring in same environment. It includes changes in all morphological and physiological characteristics like shape, size, colour, number and relative position of different parts, physiological behaviour of different organ systems, mental ability etc and is of different types. Theory of continuity of germplasm was given by August Weismann. According to him, only those changes which occur in the germplasm are heritable, while changes occurring in body (soma or somatoplasm) due to environmental effects are not inherited. Theory of inheritance of acquired character was given by Lamarck. Modification, which are acquired during the life time of an individual are inherited by its offspring, ie, changes are cummulative of over a period of time.
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