AFMC AFMC Solved Paper-2005

  • question_answer
    By which of the following process permanent hardness of water can be removed, by adding?

    A) Soda lime           

    B) Sodium bicarbonate

    C) Washing soda  

    D) Sodium chloride

    Correct Answer: C

    Solution :

    Water which produce lather with soap is called soft water and which does not produce lather with soap solution easily is called hard water. Temporary hardness is due to presence of soluble bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium and permanent hardness is due to the presence of chlorides and sulphate of calcium and magnesium. Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling or by addition of \[Ca{{(OH)}_{2}}.\] Permanent hardness can be removed by the addition of washing soda \[(N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}.\,10{{H}_{2}}O),\] addition of sodium polymetaphosphate [calgon \[{{(NaP{{O}_{3}})}_{n}}\]] or by ion exchange method).


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