A) absorbs excess neutrons
B) absorbs excess electrons
C) emit neutrons
D) emit electrons
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
An equipment in which the nuclear chain reaction is carried out in controlled manner is called nuclear reactor. The energy liberated is used to produce steam which can run turbines and produce electricity. The nuclear fission is controlled by controlling the number of neutrons released during the fission which is done by using control rods. Control rods are made up of cadmium and boron and can absorb neutrons to form corresponding non radioactive isotopes \[_{43}^{113}Cd{{+}_{0}}{{n}^{1}}\xrightarrow{{}}_{43}^{114}Cd+\gamma \] \[_{5}{{B}^{10}}{{+}_{0}}{{n}^{1}}{{\xrightarrow{{}}}_{5}}{{B}^{11}}+\gamma \] The main parts of nuclear reactor are Fuel rods: U-235 in the form \[{{U}_{2}}{{O}_{3}}\] Control rods Moderator: slow down the speed of fast moving neutrons e.g., heavy water \[({{D}_{2}}O)\] graphite Coolant: carry away the heat produced e.g.) liquid metal, heavy water Shield: Prevent the loss of heat and to protect the person operating the reactor from the radiation.
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