| The 'Red Data Book' published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) contains lists of |
| 1. endemic plant and animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots. |
| 2. threatened plant and animal species. |
| 3. protected sites for conservation of nature and natural resources in various countries. |
| Select the correct answer using the codes given below. |
A) 1 and 3
B) Only 2
C) 2 and 3
D) Only 3
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
.[b] IUCN's categorisation of the species on the basis of threat perspective Extinct A taxon is extinct, when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. Extinct in Wild A taxon is extinct in the wild, when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed extinct in the wild if exhaustive surveys in its known habitat in its historical range have failed to record an individual. Critically Endangered A taxon is critically endangered, when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future. Range reduction of 80% over three generations or 10 years; occurrence of less than 100 sq km or occupancy of less than 10 sq km and decline in populations; less than 250 plants and decline; less than 50 mature plants; probability of extinction of 50% in 10 years or three generations. Endangered A taxon is endangered, when it is not critically endangered, but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future. Range reduction of 50% over three generations or 10 years; occurrence of less than 5000 sq km or occupancy of less than 500 sq km and decline in population; less than 2500 plants and decline; less than 250 mature plants; probability of extinction of 20% in 20 years or five generations. Vulnerable A taxon is vulnerable, when it is not critically endangered or endangered, but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future. Range reduction of 20% over three generations or 10 years; occurrence of less than 20000 sq km or occupancy of less than 2000 sq km and decline in population; less than 10000 plants and decline; less than 1000 mature plants or low occupancy (<100 sq km) or less than 5 locations; probability of extinction of 10% in 100 years. Near Threatened Taxon, which are close to qualifying for vulnerable. Least Concern Taxon, which do not qualify for near threatened. Data Deficient A taxon is data deficient, when there is inadequate information to make an assessment based on its distribution and population status. Not Evaluated A taxon is not evaluated, when it has not yet been assessed against the criteria.
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