question_answer

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follows:

(1) Pollution is the fouling of the environment- and, water and air-by waste, smoke, chemicals and other harmful substances. The most serious pollution occurs where there are large cities and many factories. Every industrial country faces the problem of waste. As factories produce new goods for people to buy, old ones are thrown out of the household as rubbish. Burning this pollutes the air, dumping it in rivers and seas pollutes the water, and rubbish, are unpleasant and take up much needed space. Getting rid of plastics is particularly difficult. Wood and paper decay after some time through the action of bacteria. But plastics never decay. The more we throw away, the more litter is produced.

(2) The world's oceans have been used as 'dustbins', with millions of tonnes of rubbish are being dumped into the sea every year, harming marine life. If too much untreated sewage is poured into seas, lakes and rivers from sewers, the water can no longer dilute it. All the oxygen in the water will be used up and the fish will die. The bacteria which normally break down the sewage into harmless substances also die; only harmful bacteria which do not need air remain, and these cause disease.

(3) Smoke from factory chimneys and exhaust gases from motor vehicles pollute the air. Chemicals in the air combine with moisture to make acids which eat away stone and brick, and hence damage buildings. Carbon monoxide gas and substances called hydrocarbons given out by the engines of cars, lorries can damage people's health. Ridding out world of pollution is an unimaginably big task.

(i) What is meant by environment?

(ii) Name any three factors that lead to pollution.

(iii) What is the problem faced by industrial countries?

(iv) What is that kills the fish in the polluted water?

Answer:

(i) Natural conditions - land, water and air in which we live.

(ii) Waste, smoke and chemicals.

(iii) The problem of waste.

(iv) Lack of oxygen.