| (i) What is mutualism? |
| (ii) Which type of interaction is shown by lichens? Explain. |
Answer:
(i) Mutualism is an interaction between two organisms of different species where both the partners are benefitted with neither of the two being capable of living separately. Examples of symbiosis or mutualism are lichens, symbiotic nitrogen - fixation and mycorrhizae. (ii) Lichen shows mutualism. It is a composite entity which is formed jointly by an alga (phycobiont) and a fungus (mycobiont). The main body of the lichen is formed of fungus. The fungus also provides fixation Water, minerals and shelter to the alga. The alga manufactures food not only for itself but also for the fungus. This interaction or relationship allows the lichen to grow in highly hostile environment like bare rock.
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