Answer:
(a) The African National Congress (ANC) started a movement against apartheid which gradually gained momentum. International opposition to apartheid and economic sanctions imposed by the U.N.O. had serious repercussions on South Africa. (b) The White regime began to change its policies. The Prime Minister P.W. Botha introduced a new Constitution, legalised inter-racial marriages and even abolished the hated Pass law. (c) In 1990, President F.W. De Clerk released Nelson Mandela from jail, dropped all apartheid laws and began to negotiate with the ANC. (d) In 1993, a democratic constitution was established. In 1994, the ANC emerged victorious in the elections. The apartheid government ended giving way to the formation of a multi-racial government.
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