Answer:
The Factors which affect the location of industries are raw materials, land, power, labour, capital, transport, and market and government policies. Raw materials: Some raw materials are very bulky or heavy and are expensive to transport. So the industries are located near the source of raw materials e.g., iron and steel industries near iron-ore and coal deposits. Power: It is needed by industries and there should be an uninterrupted power supply to operate the machinery. Land: Flat land is preferred as it makes easier and less costly to build and operate the plant and there is always space for future expansion. Capital or Finance: Banks, finance houses and government offer loans to people for developing business and sometimes foreign investment is needed. Labour: The availability, skill level, cost and working practices of the work force are all important factors in determining the location of industries. Transport: A good transport network helps deliver raw materials or products quickly. Market: The goods produced are sold to meet the demand in the market. It is often an advantage to manufacture bulky goods like cement and paper and perishable goods closer to centres of consumption. Government Policy: Policies of setting aside plots of land for industrial estates, shifting polluting industries away from residential areas, offering loans, subsidies and tax exemptions to companies, getting foreign investors, etc.
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