Answer:
A major challenge that the Indian government had to face was the decision on India's national language. India is a land of many languages. There was a need for a common language to link the people of different states. After much debate, the government chose Hindi as the official language of India. It was to be written in Devnagri script. People speaking other languages felt that the decision to choose Hindi as the official language was an attempt to sideline their culture. The Central government finally decided to allow the state governments to choose their own official languages and recognized 22 such Indian languages. It was also declared that English could also be used for official, purposes. Neither the constitution nor any Indian law specifies a national language. Another major challenge was the rehabilitation of refugees. The partition caused mass movement of people across the borders. Due to partition, millions of people were uprooted and had to flee from their homes. 8 million refugees crossed the newly drawn border to reach India. There were millions of refugees without a home. Delhi received the largest number of refugees. The new government now had a big responsibility of rehabilitating them. There was shortage of almost everything, from food to medicines, from industry and infrastructure to skilled manpower, from housing to distribution systems for relief and aid. A massive nationwide program, thus, was launched.
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