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JEE Main & Advanced Physics Electrostatics & Capacitance Question Bank Electric Dipole

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    Two charges \[+3.2\times {{10}^{-19}}C\] and \[-3.2\times {{10}^{-9}}C\] kept 2.4 Å apart forms a dipole. If it is kept in uniform electric field of intensity \[4\times {{10}^{5}}volt/m\] then what will be its electrical energy in equilibrium                                                                       [MP PMT 2003]

    A)            \[+3\times {{10}^{-23}}J\]

    B)                                      \[-3\times {{10}^{-23}}J\]

    C)            \[-6\times {{10}^{-23}}J\]

    D)                                      \[-2\times {{10}^{-23}}J\]

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

               Potential energy of electric dipole \[U=-pE\,\cos \theta \] \[=-\,(q\times 2l)E\cos \theta \] \[U=-\,(3.2\times {{10}^{-19}}\times 2.4\times {{10}^{-10}})4\times {{10}^{5}}\cos \theta \] \[U=-\,3\times {{10}^{-23}}\] (approx.)


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