Answer:
(i)
Before colonial times, Maasai land stretched over a vast area from North Kenya
to the steppes of northern Tanzania.
(ii) In 1885, it was cut into half by an international boundary between Britain
and Germany.
(iii) The best grazing grounds were gradually taken over
for white settlements and Maasais were pushed into a small area in South Kenya
and North Tanzania.
(iv) The British encouraged the local people to expand
cultivation. Thus, pasturelands were turned into cultivated fields.
(v) By the end of the colonial rule, large areas of
grazing lands were turned into game reserves. Pastoralists were not allowed to
enter these reserves; they could neither hunt nor graze their cattle in these
areas.
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