Answer:
(i)
The differential heating and cooling of land and water creates low pressure on
the landmass of India, while the seas around experience comparatively high
pressure.
(ii) The shift in the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in
summer over the Ganga plain is a trough of low pressure in the equatorial
latitude. This is where the northeast and the Southeast trade winds converge.
(iii) The presence of the high pressure area, east of
Madagascar also affects the Indian monsoons.
(iv) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during
summer, which results in the formation of low pressure area over the plateau.
(v) The movement of the westerly jet streams to the north
of the Himalayas and the presence of tropical easterly jet streams over the
Indian Peninsula during summers, also affects the mechanism of monsoon.
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